Structural Monitoring of Glass Fiber/Epoxy Laminates by Means of Carbon Nanotubes and Carbon Black Self-Monitoring Plies
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Resins Preparation and Characterization
2.2. Glass Fabric Laminates Preparation
2.3. Sensored Laminates Testing
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Resin Characterization
3.2. Electrical and Morphological Characterization of Self-Monitoring Plies
3.3. Self-Monitoring Performances of the Laminates
3.4. Self-Monitoring Performances on Impact
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Resin Name | Filler Type | Filler Content (wt %) |
---|---|---|
Epoxy | none | - |
Epoxy-CB6 | CB | 6 |
Epoxy-CNT0.75 | MWCNT | 0.75 |
Epoxy-CNT1 | MWCNT | 1 |
Self-Monitoring Plies | Laminate Sample Name | |
---|---|---|
Resin Type | Number of SMPs | |
Epoxy-CB6 | 1 | CB6_1 |
2 | CB6_2 | |
Epoxy-CNT0.75 | 1 | CNT0.75_1 |
2 | CNT0.75_2 | |
Epoxy-CNT1 | 1 | CNT1_1 |
Dynamic Mechanical Analysis | Average SMP Electrical Resistance (R0, kΩ) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Resin System | E’ at 25 °C (GPa) | Tg (°C) | |
Epoxy | 1.45 ± 0.06 | 100.6 ± 0.3 | - |
Epoxy-CB6 | 1.72 ± 0.07 | 101.7 ± 0.5 | 402 ± 38 |
Epoxy-CNT0.75 | 1.76 ± 0.10 | 96.0 ± 1.0 | 611 ± 8 |
Epoxy-CNT1 | 2.08 ± 0.09 | 96.6 ± 0.8 | 4805 |
Sample | Monotonic Bending | Cyclic Bending | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Max Load (n) | Max ΔR/R0 (%) | Max Load (n) | Max ΔR/R0 (%) | |
CB6_1 | 204.5 | 6.49 | 328.5 | 8.38 |
CNT0.75_1 | 246.7 | 1.69 | 273.1 | 2.64 |
CNT1_1 | 404.7 | 1.25 | 399.1 | 1.68 |
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Paleari, L.; Bragaglia, M.; Fabbrocino, F.; Nanni, F. Structural Monitoring of Glass Fiber/Epoxy Laminates by Means of Carbon Nanotubes and Carbon Black Self-Monitoring Plies. Nanomaterials 2021, 11, 1543. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11061543
Paleari L, Bragaglia M, Fabbrocino F, Nanni F. Structural Monitoring of Glass Fiber/Epoxy Laminates by Means of Carbon Nanotubes and Carbon Black Self-Monitoring Plies. Nanomaterials. 2021; 11(6):1543. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11061543
Chicago/Turabian StylePaleari, Lorenzo, Mario Bragaglia, Francesco Fabbrocino, and Francesca Nanni. 2021. "Structural Monitoring of Glass Fiber/Epoxy Laminates by Means of Carbon Nanotubes and Carbon Black Self-Monitoring Plies" Nanomaterials 11, no. 6: 1543. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11061543