A Novel Highly Durable Carbon/Silver/Silver Chloride Composite Electrode for High-Definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Method
2.1. Chemicals and Materials
2.2. Preparation of C/Ag/AgCl Electrodes
2.3. Optimization of the Preparation of C/Ag/AgCl
2.4. Material Characterization
2.5. Electrochemical Measurements
2.6. Simulated tDCS Measurement
2.7. Preliminary Investigation of Skin Tolerance
3. Results and Discussions
3.1. Physical Characterization of Ag Powders
3.2. Optimization of Preparation of C/Ag/AgCl Electrodes
3.2.1. Optimization of Conductive Enhancer
3.2.2. Optimization of Particle Size of Ag Powders
3.2.3. Optimization of C:Ag:PTFE Ratio
3.2.4. Optimization of Saline Concentration
3.2.5. Optimization of Active Substance Loading
3.3. Constant Current Anodic Polarization
3.4. Simulated tDCS Measurement
3.5. Preliminary Evaluation of Skin Tolerance
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Optimized Parameters | Conductive Enhancer | Particle Size of Ag | Ag:C:PTFE Ratio | Saline Concentration | Active Substance Loading |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conductive enhancer | CNTs, KB, Super P, KS-6 | Commercial 2.0 μm | 8:1:1 | 3.0 wt.% | 39 mg cm−2 |
Particle size of Ag | CNTs | 0.1, 0.5 and commercial 2.0 μm | 8:1:1 | 3.0 wt.% | 39 mg cm−2 |
Ag:C:PTFE ratio | CNTs | Commercial 2.0 μm | 8:1:1,7:2:1, 6:3:1, 5:4:1 | 3.0 wt.% | 39 mg cm−2 |
Saline concentration | CNTs | Commercial 2.0 μm | 7:2:1 | 0.9, 3.0 and 6.0 wt.% | 39 mg cm−2 |
Active substance loading | CNTs | Commercial 2.0 μm | 7:2:1 | 3.0 wt.% | 10~80 mg cm−2 |
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Li, L.; Li, G.; Cao, Y.; Duan, Y.Y. A Novel Highly Durable Carbon/Silver/Silver Chloride Composite Electrode for High-Definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation. Nanomaterials 2021, 11, 1962. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11081962
Li L, Li G, Cao Y, Duan YY. A Novel Highly Durable Carbon/Silver/Silver Chloride Composite Electrode for High-Definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation. Nanomaterials. 2021; 11(8):1962. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11081962
Chicago/Turabian StyleLi, Lingjun, Guangli Li, Yuliang Cao, and Yvonne Yanwen Duan. 2021. "A Novel Highly Durable Carbon/Silver/Silver Chloride Composite Electrode for High-Definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation" Nanomaterials 11, no. 8: 1962. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11081962