Improving the Insulating Capacity of Polyurethane Foams through Polyurethane Aerogel Inclusion: From Insulation to Superinsulation
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Synthesis of Polyurethane Aerogels and PUF–PUA Composites
2.3. Characterization Techniques
2.3.1. Density, Shrinkage, and Aerogel Mass
2.3.2. Nitrogen Adsorption–Desorption
2.3.3. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)
2.3.4. Mechanical Properties
2.3.5. Thermal Conductivity
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Polyurethane Foams and Polyurethane Aerogel Characterization
3.2. PUF–PUA Composites Characterization
3.2.1. Density and Aerogel Mass
3.2.2. Porous Structure
3.2.3. Mechanical Properties
Elasticity
Stiffness and Strength
3.2.4. Thermal Conductivity
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample | Density (kg/m3) | SBET (m2/g) | φ | Λ (mW/m K) |
---|---|---|---|---|
PU aerogel | 129 ± 1.5 | 242.1 ± 12.1 | 114 nm | 13.90 ± 0.54 |
S foam | 29.4 ± 0.7 | - | 0.44 mm | 34.07 ± 0.01 |
M foam | 29.2 ± 0.4 | - | 1.4 mm | 40.33 ± 0.01 |
L foam | 28.5 ± 0.5 | - | 4.3 mm | 50.60 ± 0.01 |
Sample | Density (kg/m3) | Aerogel Mass (%) | Sv (%) | Aerogel Density (kg/m3) | Aerogel Porosity (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
PU aerogel | 129 ± 1.5 | - | 66.3 | - | 88.87 |
S foam | 29.4± 0.7 | - | - | - | - |
S composite | 134 ± 0.3 | 81.95 | 9.6 | 107.9 ± 5.3 | 90.70 |
M foam | 29.2 ± 0.4 | - | - | - | - |
M composite | 125 ± 1.9 | 80.90 | 8.9 | 99.0 ± 4.7 | 91.46 |
L foam | 28.5 ± 0.5 | - | - | - | - |
L composite | 123 ± 0.9 | 80.78 | −1.6 | 97.6 ± 4.2 | 91.59 |
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Merillas, B.; Villafañe, F.; Rodríguez-Pérez, M.Á. Improving the Insulating Capacity of Polyurethane Foams through Polyurethane Aerogel Inclusion: From Insulation to Superinsulation. Nanomaterials 2022, 12, 2232. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12132232
Merillas B, Villafañe F, Rodríguez-Pérez MÁ. Improving the Insulating Capacity of Polyurethane Foams through Polyurethane Aerogel Inclusion: From Insulation to Superinsulation. Nanomaterials. 2022; 12(13):2232. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12132232
Chicago/Turabian StyleMerillas, Beatriz, Fernando Villafañe, and Miguel Ángel Rodríguez-Pérez. 2022. "Improving the Insulating Capacity of Polyurethane Foams through Polyurethane Aerogel Inclusion: From Insulation to Superinsulation" Nanomaterials 12, no. 13: 2232. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12132232