Wearable Electrospun Piezoelectric Mats Based on a PVDF Nanofiber–ZnO@ZnS Core–Shell Nanoparticles Composite for Power Generation
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Preparation of the Nanofiber Mat by Modified Electrospinning
2.3. Piezoelectric Device Fabrication
2.4. Materials Characterization
2.5. Device Characterization
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Characterization of the ZnO@ZnS Core–Shell Nanoparticles
3.2. Morphology of the Fabricated Composite Nanofibers
3.3. FTIR and EDS Analysis of the Composite Nanofibers
3.4. Crystalline Structure of the Composite Nanofibers
3.5. Mechanical and Thermal Properties of the Composite Nanofibers
3.6. Impedance and Electrical Conductivity of the Nanogenerator Device
3.7. The Piezoelectric Response of the Nanogenerator Device
4. Implementation of the Nanogenerator Device
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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[email protected] NPs (wt %) | Fiber Diameter (nm) | β-Phase Content (%) | Mechanical Characteristics | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Young’s Modulus (MPa) | Fracture Stress (MPa) | Elongation at Break (%) | |||
0 | 740 | 68 | 1640 ± 0.63 | 46 ± 0.59 | 6.1 |
5 | 790 | 75 | 1595 ± 0.37 | 41± 0.57 | 5.5 |
8 | 925 | 79 | 1507 ± 0.88 | 34± 0.49 | 4.9 |
10 | 1050 | 81 | 1413± 0.64 | 29± 0.31 | 4.6 |
ZnO@ZnS Nps % | F(x) = P1 × X + P2 | R2 | Resistance Ω | |
---|---|---|---|---|
P1 | P2 | |||
0 | 2.425 × 108 (2.416 × 108, 2.476 × 108) | −24.69 (−23.47, −25.38) | 0.863 | 3.35 × 108 |
5 | 1.047 × 108 (1.025 × 108, 1.094 × 108) | −14.43 (−14.95, −13.424) | 0.975 | 0.15 × 108 |
8 | 4.196 × 107 (4.1263 × 107, 4.21 × 107) | −7.042 (−7.581, −6.649) | 0.969 | 5.9 × 107 |
10 | 5.028 × 106 (5.067 × 106, 5.311 × 106) | −5.004 (−5.621, −4.822) | 0.991 | 0.1 × 107 |
Piezoelectric materials | Max wt % | With/without Poling | F(β)% | Max Output Voltage (V) | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
PVDF | - | without | 7% | 0.028 | [6] |
ZnO NWs/PVDF | - | with | 4% | 0.2 | [4] |
PVDF/Carbon nanofiber | 0.5% (w/w) | with | 11% | 0.56 | [19] |
PvDF + MWCNT | 5 wt % | without | - | 6 | [15] |
titanium dioxide- rGO/PVDF | 2.5 wt % | with | 10% | 3.9 | [16] |
2.5 wt % | |||||
Li doped ZnO NW-Polymer Composite | 3 wt % | with | 9% | 180 | [2] |
Fe-fGO/PVDF | 5 wt % | without | 14% | 1.2 | [10] |
Native Cellulose microfiber | 8 wt % | without | - | 30 | [60] |
BaTiO3 nanotubes | with | - | 3.5 | [74] | |
ZnO@ZnS CS NPs/PVDF | 10 wt % | with | 17% | 4.42 sensitivity of 0.153 V/N·mm3 | Present work |
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Ali, N.; Kenawy, E.-R.; Wadoud, A.A.; Elhadary, M.I. Wearable Electrospun Piezoelectric Mats Based on a PVDF Nanofiber–ZnO@ZnS Core–Shell Nanoparticles Composite for Power Generation. Nanomaterials 2023, 13, 2833. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13212833
Ali N, Kenawy E-R, Wadoud AA, Elhadary MI. Wearable Electrospun Piezoelectric Mats Based on a PVDF Nanofiber–ZnO@ZnS Core–Shell Nanoparticles Composite for Power Generation. Nanomaterials. 2023; 13(21):2833. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13212833
Chicago/Turabian StyleAli, Nehal, El-Refaie Kenawy, A. A. Wadoud, and M. I. Elhadary. 2023. "Wearable Electrospun Piezoelectric Mats Based on a PVDF Nanofiber–ZnO@ZnS Core–Shell Nanoparticles Composite for Power Generation" Nanomaterials 13, no. 21: 2833. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13212833