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Volume 14
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10.3390/nano14131121
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Article

Amplifying Photochromic Response in Tungsten Oxide Films with Titanium Oxide and Polyvinylpyrrolidone

by
Min-Sung Kim
1,†,
Jun-Ho Yoon
1,†,
Hong-Mo Kim
2,
Dong-Jun Lee
1,
Tamaki Hirose
3,
Yoshihiko Takeda
3,* and
Jae-Pil Kim
1,*
1
Lab of Organic Photo-Functional Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
2
Semiconductor Analysis Team, Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology, 145 Gwanggyo-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si 16229, Republic of Korea
3
Hydrogen Related Materials Group, Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba 305-0003, Japan
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(13), 1121; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14131121
Submission received: 28 May 2024 / Revised: 26 June 2024 / Accepted: 27 June 2024 / Published: 29 June 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Colloidal Nanoparticles and Surface Science in Environment)
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Abstract

Tungsten oxide (WO3) is known for its photochromic properties, making it useful for smart windows, displays, and sensors. However, its small bandgap leads to rapid recombination of electron–hole pairs, resulting in poor photochromic performance. This study aims to enhance the photochromic properties of WO3 by synthesizing hexagonal tungsten oxide via hydrothermal synthesis, which increases surface area and internal hydrates. Titanium oxide (TiO2) was adsorbed onto the tungsten oxide to inject additional charges and reduce electron–hole recombination. Additionally, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was used to improve dispersion in organic solvents, allowing for the fabrication of high-quality films using the doctor blade method. Characterization confirmed the enhanced surface area, crystal structure, and dispersion stability. Reflectance and transmittance measurements demonstrated significant improvements in photochromic properties due to the composite structure. These findings suggest that the introduction of TiO2 and PVP to tungsten oxide effectively enhances its photochromic performance, broadening its applicability in various advanced photochromic applications.
Keywords: tungsten oxide nanoparticles; hybrid composite; dispersibility; photochromic property tungsten oxide nanoparticles; hybrid composite; dispersibility; photochromic property

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MDPI and ACS Style

Kim, M.-S.; Yoon, J.-H.; Kim, H.-M.; Lee, D.-J.; Hirose, T.; Takeda, Y.; Kim, J.-P. Amplifying Photochromic Response in Tungsten Oxide Films with Titanium Oxide and Polyvinylpyrrolidone. Nanomaterials 2024, 14, 1121. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14131121

AMA Style

Kim M-S, Yoon J-H, Kim H-M, Lee D-J, Hirose T, Takeda Y, Kim J-P. Amplifying Photochromic Response in Tungsten Oxide Films with Titanium Oxide and Polyvinylpyrrolidone. Nanomaterials. 2024; 14(13):1121. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14131121

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kim, Min-Sung, Jun-Ho Yoon, Hong-Mo Kim, Dong-Jun Lee, Tamaki Hirose, Yoshihiko Takeda, and Jae-Pil Kim. 2024. "Amplifying Photochromic Response in Tungsten Oxide Films with Titanium Oxide and Polyvinylpyrrolidone" Nanomaterials 14, no. 13: 1121. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14131121

APA Style

Kim, M.-S., Yoon, J.-H., Kim, H.-M., Lee, D.-J., Hirose, T., Takeda, Y., & Kim, J.-P. (2024). Amplifying Photochromic Response in Tungsten Oxide Films with Titanium Oxide and Polyvinylpyrrolidone. Nanomaterials, 14(13), 1121. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14131121

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