Patient Characteristics, Treatment, and Survival in Pleuropulmonary Blastoma: An Analysis from the National Cancer Database
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Data Source and Study Population
2.2. Variables
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Total n = 144 | Surgery n = 45 | Surgery/CTx n = 66 | Surgery/CTx/RTx n = 25 | CTx n = 8 | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, median years (IQR) | 2 (1–3) | 0 (0–2) | 2 (1–3) | 3 (2–4) | 3 (2–3.25) | 0.08 |
Sex, n (%) | 0.55 | |||||
Male | 78 (54.2) | 24 (53.3) | 33 (50.0) | 15 (60.0) | 6 (75.0) | |
Female | 66 (45.9) | 21 (46.7) | 33 (50.0) | 10 (40.0) | 2 (25.0) | |
Race, n (%) | 0.20 | |||||
White | 120 (83.4) | 40 (88.9) | 54 (81.8) | 20 (80.0) | 6 (75.0) | |
Black | 17 (11.8) | 4 (8.9) | 10 (15.2) | 3 (12.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
Other | 7 (4.9) | 1 (2.2) | 2 (3.0) | 2 (8.0) | 2 (25.0) | |
Ethnicity, n (%) | 0.53 | |||||
Hispanic | 22 (15.3) | 8 (17.8) | 10 (15.2) | 2 (8.0) | 2 (25.0) | |
Non-Hispanic | 122 (84.7) | 37 (82.2) | 56 (84.9) | 23 (92.0) | 6 (75.0) | |
Year at diagnosis, n (%) | 0.008 | |||||
2004–2009 | 46 (31.9) | 7 (15.6) | 24 (36.4) | 13 (52.0) | 2 (25.0) | |
2010–2014 | 34 (23.6) | 9 (20.0) | 20 (30.3) | 3 (12.0) | 2 (25.0) | |
2015–2019 | 64 (44.4) | 29 (64.4) | 22 (33.3) | 9 (36.0) | 4 (50.0) |
Total n = 144 (%) | Surgery n = 45 (%) | Surgery/CTx n = 66 (%) | Surgery/CTx/RTx n = 25 (%) | CTx n = 8 (%) | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Location | ||||||
Upper lobe | 41 (28.5) | 22 (48.9) | 13 (19.7) | 6 (24.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0.002 |
Middle lobe | 14 (9.7) | 4 (8.9) | 8 (12.1) | 2 (8.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0.70 |
Lower lobe | 35 (24.3) | 11 (24.4) | 17 (25.8) | 6 (24.0) | 1 (12.5) | 0.87 |
Pleura | 15 (10.4) | 3 (6.7) | 7 (10.6) | 4 (16.0) | 1 (12.5) | 0.67 |
Bronchus/lung Unspecified | 30 (20.8) | 3 (6.7) | 16 (24.2) | 7 (28.0) | 4 (50.0) | 0.01 |
Thorax/mediastinum | 9 (6.3) | 2 (4.4) | 5 (7.6) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (25.0) | 0.07 |
Laterality | 0.26 | |||||
Right | 71 (49.3) | 24 (53.3) | 33 (50.0) | 10 (40.0) | 4 (50.0) | |
Left | 62 (43.1) | 19 (42.2) | 26 (39.4) | 15 (60.0) | 2 (25.0) | |
Both | 1 (0.7) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.5) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
Unknown | 10 (6.9) | 2 (4.4) | 6 (9.1) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (25.0) | |
Tumor size (cm), median [IQR] | 8.9 [5.0–1.1] | 4.5 [19.5–7.6] | 9.5 [6.6–11.0] | 9.5 [9.0–11.5] | 11.9 [11.1–13.0] | 0.2 |
≤5 cm | 27 (18.8) | 19 (42.2) | 7 (10.6) | 1 (4.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0.13 |
>5 cm | 74 (51.4) | 17 (37.8) | 36 (54.6) | 16 (64.0) | 5 (62.5) | |
Unknown | 43 (29.8) | 9 (20.0) | 23 (34.9) | 8 (32.0) | 3 (37.5) | |
Surgical margins | 0.001 | |||||
Positive | 29 (20.1) | 2 (4.4) | 17 (25.8) | 10 (40.0) | NA | |
Microscopic * | 8 (27.6) | 0 (0.0) | 8 (47.1) | 6 (60.0) | NA | 0.56 ** |
Macroscopic * | 7 (24.1) | 1 (50.0) | 4 (23.5) | 3 (30.0) | NA | |
Unspecified * | 14 (48.3) | 1 (50.0) | 5 (29.4) | 1 (10.0) | NA | |
Negative | 73 (50.7) | 29 (64.4) | 35 (53.0) | 9 (36.0) | NA | |
Not evaluated | 19 (13.2) | 6 (13.3) | 3 (4.5) | 2 (8.0) | 8 (100) | |
Unknown | 23 (16.0) | 8 (17.8) | 11 (16.7) | 4 (16.0) | NA | |
Metastasis at diagnosis | 6 (4.2) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (3.0) | 3 (12.0) | 1 (12.5) | 0.06 |
Bone | 2 (1.4) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.5) | 1 (4.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
Brain | 1 (0.7) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (4.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
Lung | 1 (0.7) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.52) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
Other † | 2 (1.4) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (4.0) | 1 (12.5) |
aHR | 95% CI | p-Value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Treatment modality | Surgery | Reference | ||
Surgery/CTx | 3.20 | 0.62–16.60 | 0.20 | |
Surgery/CTx/RTx | 2.38 | 0.31–18.60 | 0.40 | |
CTx | 32.30 | 3.54–294.00 | 0.002 | |
Tumor size | ≤5 cm | Reference | ||
>5 cm | 1.51 | 0.30–7.49 | 0.60 | |
Hispanic | No | Reference | ||
Yes | 2.94 | 0.96–9.02 | 0.06 | |
Metastasis at diagnosis | No | Reference | ||
Yes | 9.14 | 2.22–37.70 | 0.002 | |
Surgical margins | Negative | Reference | ||
Positive | 0.41 | 0.08–2.15 | 0.30 | |
Not assessed/unknown | 0.40 | 0.08–1.95 | 0.30 |
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Chidiac, C.; Sferra, S.R.; Kunisaki, S.M.; Rhee, D.S. Patient Characteristics, Treatment, and Survival in Pleuropulmonary Blastoma: An Analysis from the National Cancer Database. Children 2024, 11, 424. https://doi.org/10.3390/children11040424
Chidiac C, Sferra SR, Kunisaki SM, Rhee DS. Patient Characteristics, Treatment, and Survival in Pleuropulmonary Blastoma: An Analysis from the National Cancer Database. Children. 2024; 11(4):424. https://doi.org/10.3390/children11040424
Chicago/Turabian StyleChidiac, Charbel, Shelby R. Sferra, Shaun M. Kunisaki, and Daniel S. Rhee. 2024. "Patient Characteristics, Treatment, and Survival in Pleuropulmonary Blastoma: An Analysis from the National Cancer Database" Children 11, no. 4: 424. https://doi.org/10.3390/children11040424