Unveiling the Psychological Consequences of Illness Perception in Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis: A Parent–Child Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Measures
2.2.1. Sociodemographic and Medical Information
2.2.2. Depression and Anxiety Symptoms
2.2.3. Illness Perception
2.3. Procedure
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Differences in Emotional Distress between Children with POMS and HC
3.2. Illness Perception among Children with POMS and Their Parents
3.3. The Effect of Disease Characteristics and Illness Perception on Psychopathology among Children with POMS
4. Discussion
Limitations and Future Research
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristics | POMS (n = 32) | HC (n = 33) | p |
---|---|---|---|
Age, mean (SD), range | 15.30 (2.00), 10–17 | 14.82 (2.13), 10–17 | 0.328 |
Female, n (%) | 15 (46.9%) | 17 (51.5%) | 0.708 |
Parent age, mean (SD) | 45.34 (5.11) | 45.94 (6.16) | 0.673 |
Female parent, n (%) | 18 (56.3%) | 32 (97%) | <0.01 ** |
Parent education | |||
Elementary to high school, n (%) | 18 (64.3%) | 10 (35.7%) | 0.017 * |
Academic, n (%) | 12 (34.3%) | 23 (65.7%) | |
Family income | |||
Below average, n (%) | 6 (18.8%) | 4 (12.5%) | 0.373 |
Average, n (%) | 19 (59.4%) | 16 (50%) | |
Above average, n (%) | 7 (21.9%) | 12 (37.5%) | |
Age at onset, mean (SD) | 11.16 (3.76) | - | |
MS-duration in months, mean (SD) | 37.31 (25.83) | - | |
EDSS score, mean (SD) | 1.14 (0.63) | - | |
Disease modifying drug, n (%) | 28 (87.5%) | - |
Parents | Children | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dimension | Items | M | SD | M | SD | Z | p |
Consequences | How much does your/child illness affect your/child life? | 6.91 | 2.70 | 6.00 | 3.36 | −1.87 | 0.031 * |
Timeline | How long do you think your/child’s illness will continue? | 6.56 | 2.60 | 6.88 | 3.01 | −0.64 | 0.268 |
Personal control | How much control do you feel you have over your/child illness? | 4.75 | 2.62 | 6.00 | 2.48 | −2.34 | 0.019 * |
Treatment control | How much do you think your treatment can help your/child) illness? | 7.50 | 1.44 | 7.25 | 2.53 | −0.04 | 0.967 |
Identity | How much do you/your child experience symptoms from your/his illness? | 6.06 | 2.82 | 5.00 | 2.95 | −2.00 | 0.022 * |
Concern | How concerned are you about your/child illness? | 8.75 | 1.69 | 6.81 | 3.17 | −3.50 | <0.001 *** |
Understanding | How well do you feel you understand your/child illness? | 7.63 | 1.56 | 7.25 | 2.41 | −0.53 | 0.595 |
Emotional response | How much does your/child illness affect you emotionally? | 8.19 | 2.31 | 7.41 | 2.85 | −1.31 | 0.099 |
Total score | 46.6 | 8.62 | 41.8 | 14.57 | −2.12 | 0.034 * |
B | SE | Wald χ2 | OR | p | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
No Disorder vs. Anxiety/Depression | |||||
EDSS | −0.12 | 0.90 | 0.02 | 0.89 | 0.892 |
Disease Duration | −0.03 | 0.02 | 2.01 | 0.97 | 0.157 |
Illness Perception Difference | 0.07 | 0.05 | 1.73 | 1.07 | 0.189 |
No Disorder vs. Both Disorders | |||||
EDSS | −1.18 | 1.24 | 0.89 | 0.31 | 0.345 |
Disease Duration | −0.05 | 0.03 | 2.53 | 0.95 | 0.112 |
Illness Perception Difference | 0.32 | 0.13 | 5.73 | 1.37 | 0.017 * |
Anxiety/Depression vs. Both Disorders | |||||
EDSS | −1.05 | 0.98 | 1.16 | 0.35 | 0.281 |
Disease Duration | −0.02 | 0.03 | 0.52 | 0.98 | 0.469 |
Illness Perception Difference | 0.25 | 0.12 | 4.08 | 1.28 | 0.043 * |
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Aloni, R.; Asher, G.; Ben-Ari, A.; Menascu, S. Unveiling the Psychological Consequences of Illness Perception in Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis: A Parent–Child Study. Children 2024, 11, 929. https://doi.org/10.3390/children11080929
Aloni R, Asher G, Ben-Ari A, Menascu S. Unveiling the Psychological Consequences of Illness Perception in Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis: A Parent–Child Study. Children. 2024; 11(8):929. https://doi.org/10.3390/children11080929
Chicago/Turabian StyleAloni, Roy, Gaya Asher, Amichai Ben-Ari, and Shay Menascu. 2024. "Unveiling the Psychological Consequences of Illness Perception in Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis: A Parent–Child Study" Children 11, no. 8: 929. https://doi.org/10.3390/children11080929