Correlation between Malocclusion and Allergic Rhinitis in Pediatric Patients: A Systematic Review
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Protocol and Registration
2.2. Search Strategy
2.3. Inclusion Criteria
2.4. Quality Assessment
2.5. Data Extraction
3. Results
3.1. Description of Included Studies
3.2. Quality Assessment and Risk of Bias for Clinical Studies
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Inclusion Criteria | Exclusion Criteria |
---|---|
Articles with reliability or accuracy of the diagnostic method | Articles with lack of methodology of diagnostic method |
Information about etiology, diagnosis and therapy during pediatric ages | Articles without information about etiology, diagnosis and therapy during pediatric ages |
Articles regarding the relationship between allergic rhinitis and malocclusion | Articles referring to non-pediatric patients (>18 years) |
Only articles referring to Humans | Articles referring to non-human subjects |
Observational studies | Commentaries |
Longitudinal studies | Letters to editor |
Prospective studies | Short communications |
Case–control studies | Articles referring to other types of rhinitis are not considered such as: non-allergic, infectious, medicamentosa, atrophic, sicca, polypous. |
Systematic reviews | |
Articles in other languages than English |
Article | Year | Country | Sample (n) | Age | Gender M/F(n) | Number of patients with AR (%) | Number of patients with non AR (%) | MO in non AR (%) | MO in AR+ (%) | MO in AR- (%) | Crossbite in patients with AR (%) | Openbite in patients with AR (%) | Conclusions |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Agostinho [44] | 2015 | Portugal | 70 | 5–14 | 41/92 | 50 | / | / | / | / | / | / | Children with AR and Mbreat have longer faces, shorter maxillas and mandibles and a narrowed pharyngeal airway space. No statistical differences between the groups in sagital relationships or in dental inclinations |
Souki [29] | 2009 | Brazil | 401 | 2–12 | / | 18.7 | 81.3 | / | 29 IIcl. 10 IIIcl. | 22 IIcl. 7 IIIcl. | 26 | 26 | No association between class II malocclusion, anterior open bite and posterior crossbite in patients with adenoids/tonsils hyperplasia or rhinitis |
De Freitas [27] | 2001 | Brazil | 192 | 2–12 | / | 52.6 | / | / | / | / | / | / | No variation of the trasverse palatal dimension. Main alterations on the vertical plane. |
Vazquez [45] | 2006 | Mexico | 1160 | 4–5 | 582/575 | 28.8 | / | / | 43 | 60 | 3.10 | 52.3 | AR is a significant risk factor for the development of anterior open bite in primary dentition |
Article | Year | Country | Sample (n) | Age | Gender M/F (n) | Number of patients with MO (%) | AR+ in patients with MO (%) | AR- in patients with MO (%) | Non-AR in patients with MO (%) | Crossbite in patients with AR (%) | Openbite in patients with AR (%) | Conclusions |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Imbaud [46] | 2015 | Brazil | 89 | 8–15 | / | 100 | 62.9 | 23.6 | 76.4 | 82.8 | 82.8 | Increased frequency of AR in children with MO. |
Luzzi [47] | 2013 | Italy | 275 | 5–9 | 126/149 | 45.4 | 59.2 | 16 | / | 28 | 56 | Increased risk to develop posterior crossbite and augmented overiet. No association between AR and open. |
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Farronato, M.; Lanteri, V.; Fama, A.; Maspero, C. Correlation between Malocclusion and Allergic Rhinitis in Pediatric Patients: A Systematic Review. Children 2020, 7, 260. https://doi.org/10.3390/children7120260
Farronato M, Lanteri V, Fama A, Maspero C. Correlation between Malocclusion and Allergic Rhinitis in Pediatric Patients: A Systematic Review. Children. 2020; 7(12):260. https://doi.org/10.3390/children7120260
Chicago/Turabian StyleFarronato, Marco, Valentina Lanteri, Andrea Fama, and Cinzia Maspero. 2020. "Correlation between Malocclusion and Allergic Rhinitis in Pediatric Patients: A Systematic Review" Children 7, no. 12: 260. https://doi.org/10.3390/children7120260
APA StyleFarronato, M., Lanteri, V., Fama, A., & Maspero, C. (2020). Correlation between Malocclusion and Allergic Rhinitis in Pediatric Patients: A Systematic Review. Children, 7(12), 260. https://doi.org/10.3390/children7120260