Risk Factors of Growth Retardation and Developmental Deficits in Very Preterm Infants in a German Tertiary Neonatal Unit
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Patients
2.2. Developmental Care
2.3. Follow-Up Examination
2.4. Statistics
2.5. Ethics
3. Results
3.1. Patients
3.2. Risk-Factor-Related Outcomes
3.3. Developmental-Care-Related Outcomes
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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n | % | ||
---|---|---|---|
Female | 129 | 50 | |
gestational age at birth (weeks) | mv ± sd | 29 ± 2 | |
<24 | 3 | 1 | |
24–27 + 6 | 77 | 30 | |
28–31 + 6 | 157 | 61 | |
≥32 | 19 | 7 | |
birth weight (g) | mv ± sd | 1187 ± 347 | |
<750 | 30 | 12 | |
750–999 | 59 | 23 | |
1000–1499 | 127 | 50 | |
≥1500 | 40 | 16 | |
head circumference at birth (cm) | mv ± sd | 27.0 ± 3.1 | |
risk factors | |||
exclusively formula until 6 months age | 63 | 26 | |
sepsis until discharge | 40 | 16 | |
BPD until discharge | 43 | 17 | |
IVH until discharge | |||
grade 1 | 20 | 8 | |
grade 2 | 7 | 3 | |
grade 3 und 4 | 7 | 3 | |
NEC until discharge | 8 | 3 | |
ROP until discharge | 61 | 24 | |
stage 1 | 44 | 17 | |
stage 2 | 11 | 4 | |
stage 3 | 6 | 3 |
<85/<10. Perc | ≤70/≤3. Perc | Total | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | n | % | mv ± sd | |
All (n, % = 256, 100%) | |||||
MDI | 37 | 15 | 7 | 3 | 97 ± 15 |
PDI | 12 | 5 | 11 | 4 | 101 ± 13 |
Body weight (g) | 32 | 13 | 57 | 23 | 11,354 ± 1693 |
Body length (cm) | 26 | 10 | 45 | 18 | 86 ± 5 |
Head circumference (cm) | 47 | 19 | 43 | 17 | 48 ± 2 |
Formula (n, % = 63/27%) | |||||
MDI | 23 | 37 | 6 | 10 | 90 ± 15 |
PDI | 8 | 13 | 4 | 7 | 95 ± 13 |
Body weight (g) | 22 | 36 | 12 | 19 | 11,300 ± 1606 |
Body length (cm) | 14 | 23 | 6 | 10 | 87 ± 4 |
Head circumference (cm) | 26 | 37 | 10 | 16 | 48 ± 2 |
Sepsis (n, % = 40, 16%) | |||||
MDI | 10 | 25 | 3 | 8 | 95 ± 16 |
PDI | 6 | 15 | 3 | 8 | 99 ± 17 |
Body weight (g) | 13 | 33 | 8 | 21 | 10,900 ± 1301 |
Body length (cm) | 10 | 26 | 7 | 18 | 85 ± 4 |
Head circumference (cm) | 18 | 46 | 8 | 21 | 47 ± 2 |
BPD (n, % = 43, 17%) | |||||
MDI | 10 | 23 | 2 | 5 | 94 ± 15 |
PDI | 5 | 12 | 2 | 5 | 98 ± 17 |
Body weight (g) | 21 | 50 | 16 | 38 | 10,554 ± 1350 |
Body length (cm) | 20 | 48 | 14 | 33 | 84 ± 4 |
Head circumference (cm) | 24 | 57 | 9 | 21 | 47 ± 2 |
IVH ≥ grade 2 (n, % = 14, 5%) | |||||
MDI | 4 | 29 | 2 | 14 | 88 ± 19 |
PDI | 3 | 21 | 2 | 14 | 91 ± 16 |
Body weight (g) | 9 | 70 | 6 | 46 | 9870 ± 1229 |
Body length (cm) | 6 | 46 | 5 | 38 | 83 ± 3 |
Head circumference (cm) | 7 | 54 | 4 | 31 | 47 ± 2 |
NEC (n, % = 8, 3%) | |||||
MDI | 3 | 38 | 1 | 13 | 89 ± 18 |
PDI | 2 | 25 | 1 | 13 | 92 ± 20 |
Body weight (g) | 4 | 57 | 2 | 29 | 11,231 ± 1778 |
Body length (cm) | 4 | 57 | 3 | 43 | 83 ± 4 |
Head circumference (cm) | 1 | 14 | 1 | 14 | 48 ± 1 |
ROP ≥ stage 2 (n, % = 17, 7%) | |||||
MDI | 6 | 35 | 2 | 12 | 92 ± 18 |
PDI | 3 | 18 | 1 | 6 | 94 ± 14 |
Body weight (g) | 10 | 59 | 5 | 29 | 10,435 ± 1504 |
Body length (cm) | 8 | 47 | 5 | 29 | 83 ± 4 |
Head circumference (cm) | 10 | 59 | 6 | 35 | 46 ± 2 |
BPD | Developmental Care | OR (95% CI) | p-Value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Without (n = 2) | With (n = 37) | ||||
MDI | mv ± sd | 96 ± 14 | 94 ± 15 | <0.10 * | † |
PDI | 109 ± 6 | 98 ± 17 | <0.10 * | ||
Body weight (g) | 10,450 ± 2758 | 10,679 ± 1235 | 1.21 (0.06; 23.24) | ||
Body length (cm) | 84.3 ± 7.4 | 84.6 ± 3.9 | 1.23 (0.06; 23.90) | ||
Head circumference (cm) | 47.3 ± 0.4 | 46.9 ± 1.4 | >100 * | ||
Formula feeding | Developmental care | OR (95% CI) | p-value | ||
Without (n = 3) | With (n = 54) | ||||
MDI | mv ± sd | 83 ± 10 | 90 ± 14 | 1.40 (0.10; 18.86) | † |
PDI | 94 ± 14 | 95 ± 13 | >100 * | ||
Body weight (g) | 11,250 ± 1465 | 11,250 ± 1665 | 0.97 (0.06; 10.37) | ||
Body length (cm) | 85.3 ± 4.3 | 86.4 ± 4.2 | 1.85 (0.14; 25.33) | ||
Head circumference (cm) | 47.8 ± 0.7 | 47.5 ± 1.9 | 0.53 (0.03; 8.56) |
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Lademann, H.; Janning, A.; Müller, J.; Neumann, L.; Olbertz, D.; Däbritz, J. Risk Factors of Growth Retardation and Developmental Deficits in Very Preterm Infants in a German Tertiary Neonatal Unit. Children 2021, 8, 394. https://doi.org/10.3390/children8050394
Lademann H, Janning A, Müller J, Neumann L, Olbertz D, Däbritz J. Risk Factors of Growth Retardation and Developmental Deficits in Very Preterm Infants in a German Tertiary Neonatal Unit. Children. 2021; 8(5):394. https://doi.org/10.3390/children8050394
Chicago/Turabian StyleLademann, Hanne, Anna Janning, Josephyn Müller, Luisa Neumann, Dirk Olbertz, and Jan Däbritz. 2021. "Risk Factors of Growth Retardation and Developmental Deficits in Very Preterm Infants in a German Tertiary Neonatal Unit" Children 8, no. 5: 394. https://doi.org/10.3390/children8050394