Early Life Factors Associated with Preschool Wheezing in Preterm Infants
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Patient Population
2.2. Patient Follow-Up
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Wheezing (n = 19) | Non-Wheezing (n = 106) | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|
Birth history | |||
Gestational age (wk) | 28.1 (25.9–30.9) | 29.9 (27.6–31.3) | 0.070 |
Birth weight (g) | 1140 (840–1460) | 1265 (917.5–1572.5) | 0.407 |
Male/Female | 12/7 | 54/52 | 0.455 |
APGAR score at 1 min | 5 (3–6) | 6 (4.5–7) | 0.196 |
APGAR score at 5 min | 8 (6–9) | 8 (7–9) | 0.244 |
Maternal history | |||
Mode of delivery(C/N) | 9/10 | 40/66 | 0.453 |
Prenatal steroid (%) | 84.2 | 74.0 | 0.561 |
Group B streptococcus (%) | 0 | 4.0 | 1.000 |
Prenatal antibiotic (%) | 84.2 | 78.6 | 0.761 |
Smoking during pregnancy (%) | 5.3 | 4.8 | 1.000 |
Preeclampsia (%) | 15.8 | 14.2 | 0.737 |
Maternal fever (%) | 10.5 | 5.7 | 0.350 |
PROM (%) | 36.8 | 43.4 | 0.626 |
Gestational diabetes (%) | 5.3 | 3.8 | 0.568 |
College education (%) | 35.3 | 46.5 | 0.440 |
Admission history | |||
Intubation duration (day) | 41 (0–76) | 3.5 (0–10) | 0.025 |
Surfactant administration (%) | 63.2 | 59.4 | 0.805 |
Infection frequency | 0 (0–2) | 0 (0–1) | 0.086 |
Exclusive breast milk feeding (%) | 68.4 | 36.8 | 0.012 |
RDS grade | 2.0 (1.0–2.5) | 2.0 (1.0–2.5) | 0.699 |
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (%) | 84.2 | 72.6 | 0.397 |
Significant PDA (%) | 21.0 | 23.6 | 1.000 |
Peri-ventricular leukomalacia (%) | 5.3 | 5.7 | 1.000 |
Intraventricular hemorrhage (%) | 21.1 | 20.8 | 1.000 |
ROP (%) | 31.6 | 22.6 | 0.394 |
Necrotizing enterocolitis (%) | 21.1 | 15.2 | 0.508 |
Follow-up history | |||
Re-admission for res. infection | 3 (1–5) | 0 (0–1) | <0.001 |
RSV infection (%) | 15.8 | 2.8 | 0.045 |
Use of Palivizumab (%) | 68.4% | 55.7% | 0.327 |
Atopic History | |||
Allergic rhinitis (%) | 31.6 | 6.6 | 0.005 |
Atopic dermatitis (%) | 10.5 | 3.8 | 0.226 |
Family atopic history (%) | 15.8 | 17.0 | 1.000 |
Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | Model 5 | Model 6 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gestational age (wk) | 0.98 (0.57–1.68) | |||||
Birth weight (g) | 1.00 (0.99–1.00) | 1.00 (0.99–1.00) | ||||
Intubation duration (days) | 1.01 (0.97–1.05) | 1.01 (0.97–1.04) | 1.01 (0.97–1.04) | 1.00 (0.97–1.04) | ||
Exclusive BM feeding (%) | 0.47 (0.11–2.04) | 0.46 (0.11–1.95) | 0.48 (0.12–1.96) | 0.48 (0.12–1.97) | 0.47 (0.12–1.91) | |
Re-admission for res. infection | 3.32 (1.70–6.49) *** | 3.31 (1.70–6.45) *** | 3.40 (1.82–6.37) *** | 3.43 (1.84–6.40) *** | 3.55 (2.02–6.24) *** | 3.62 (2.01–6.34) *** |
RSV infection (%) | 0.69 (0.05–9.14) | 0.68 (0.05–8.97) | 0.74 (0.06–8.76) | |||
Allergic rhinitis (%) | 0.12 (0.02–0.63) * | 0.12 (0.02–0.63) * | 0.12 (0.02–0.63) * | 0.12 (0.02–0.63) * | 0.12 (0.02–0.63) * | 0.13 (0.02–0.65) * |
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Hsu, Y.-L.; Huang, H.-C.; Su, T.-Y.; Chen, I.-L. Early Life Factors Associated with Preschool Wheezing in Preterm Infants. Children 2021, 8, 732. https://doi.org/10.3390/children8090732
Hsu Y-L, Huang H-C, Su T-Y, Chen I-L. Early Life Factors Associated with Preschool Wheezing in Preterm Infants. Children. 2021; 8(9):732. https://doi.org/10.3390/children8090732
Chicago/Turabian StyleHsu, Ying-Lun, Hsin-Chun Huang, Ting-Yu Su, and I-Lun Chen. 2021. "Early Life Factors Associated with Preschool Wheezing in Preterm Infants" Children 8, no. 9: 732. https://doi.org/10.3390/children8090732