Total Intravenous Anesthesia with Ketofol versus Combination of Ketofol and Lidocaine for Short-Term Anesthesia in Pediatric Patients; Double Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial of Effects on Recovery
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Patients
2.2. Intraoperative Monitoring
2.3. Study Design
2.4. Outcomes of the Study
2.5. Sample Size Calculation
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Group I | Group II | p | |
---|---|---|---|
KETOFOL | KETOFOL + LIDOCAINE | ||
Age (years) (median, IQR) | 5 | 5 | 0.681 * |
(4, 7) | (3, 7) | ||
Sex (M) (n, %) (F) (n, %) | 78 (78%) | 81 (81%) | 0.599 ** |
22 (22%) | 19 (19%) | ||
Weight (kg) (median, IQR) | 21 | 10.5 | 0.841 * |
(16, 28) | (15, 32.5) |
Variable | Group I | Group II | p |
---|---|---|---|
KETOFOL | KETOFOL + LIDOCAINE | ||
Sevoran (iv cannula) (n, %) | 64 (64%) | 54 (54%) | 0.150 ** |
Length of iv infusion (min) (median, IQR) | 23 (16, 30.5) | 23 (16, 30) | 0.944 * |
Duration of anesthesia (min) (median, IQR) | 50 (40, 60) | 35 (28, 42) | <0.00001 * |
Extubation time (s) (median, IQR) | 240 (120, 340) | 120 (41.5, 170) | <0.00001 * |
Fentanyl (μg/kg) (median, IQR) | 2.3 (2, 3) | 2.1 (2, 2.8) | <0.0056 * |
Fentanyl—TOTAL (μg) (median, IQR) | 50 (40, 60) | 45 (30, 65) | 0.250 * |
Propofol (mg/kg) (median, IQR) | 7.55 (5, 10.5) | 6.6 (4, 7.5) | 0.032 * |
Propofol—TOTAL (mg) (median, IQR) | 162.5 (122.5, 217.5) | 135 (106.5, 204) | 0.014 * |
Ketamin (mg/kg) (median, IQR) | 1.6 (1.2, 2.1) | 1.3 (1, 1.5) | <0.0001 * |
Ketamin—TOTAL (mg) (median, IQR) | 32 (24, 36) | 29 (22, 32) | 0.378 |
PACU (min) (median, IRQ) | 35 (30, 40) | 20 (20, 25) | <0.00001 * |
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Nevešćanin Biliškov, A.; Gulam, D.; Žaja, M.; Pogorelić, Z. Total Intravenous Anesthesia with Ketofol versus Combination of Ketofol and Lidocaine for Short-Term Anesthesia in Pediatric Patients; Double Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial of Effects on Recovery. Children 2022, 9, 282. https://doi.org/10.3390/children9020282
Nevešćanin Biliškov A, Gulam D, Žaja M, Pogorelić Z. Total Intravenous Anesthesia with Ketofol versus Combination of Ketofol and Lidocaine for Short-Term Anesthesia in Pediatric Patients; Double Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial of Effects on Recovery. Children. 2022; 9(2):282. https://doi.org/10.3390/children9020282
Chicago/Turabian StyleNevešćanin Biliškov, Ana, Danijela Gulam, Marija Žaja, and Zenon Pogorelić. 2022. "Total Intravenous Anesthesia with Ketofol versus Combination of Ketofol and Lidocaine for Short-Term Anesthesia in Pediatric Patients; Double Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial of Effects on Recovery" Children 9, no. 2: 282. https://doi.org/10.3390/children9020282