Measurement and Modeling of Extra-Column Effects Due to Injection and Connections in Capillary Liquid Chromatography

Grinias, James P.; Bunner, Bernard; Gilar, Martin; Jorgenson, James W.

doi:10.3390/chromatography2040669

Open AccessArticle

Measurement and Modeling of Extra-Column Effects Due to Injection and Connections in Capillary Liquid Chromatography

by

James P. Grinias

^1,†,

Bernard Bunner

^2,‡,

Martin Gilar

² and

James W. Jorgenson

^1,*

¹

Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA

²

Waters Corporation, Milford, MA 01757, USA

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

^†

Current address: Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA

^‡

Current address: Seventh Sense Biosystems, Inc., Cambridge, MA 02141, USA

Chromatography 2015, 2(4), 669-690; https://doi.org/10.3390/chromatography2040669

Submission received: 24 August 2015 / Revised: 18 October 2015 / Accepted: 5 November 2015 / Published: 1 December 2015

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in High Pressure Liquid Chromatography)

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Abstract

As column volumes continue to decrease, extra-column band broadening has become an increasingly important consideration when determining column performance. Combined contributions due to the injector and connecting tubing in a capillary LC system were measured and found to be larger than expected by Taylor-Aris theory. Variance from sigma-type and tau-type broadening was isolated from eluted peaks using the Foley-Dorsey Exponentially Modified Gaussian peak fitting model and confirmed with computational fluid dynamics. It was found that the tau-type contributions were the main cause for the excessive broadening because of poorly-swept volumes at the connection between the injector and tubing. To reduce tau-type contributions (and peak tailing), a timed pinch mode could be used for analyte injection.

Keywords: extra-column band broadening; injection; liquid chromatography; peak measurements

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MDPI and ACS Style

Grinias, J.P.; Bunner, B.; Gilar, M.; Jorgenson, J.W. Measurement and Modeling of Extra-Column Effects Due to Injection and Connections in Capillary Liquid Chromatography. Chromatography 2015, 2, 669-690. https://doi.org/10.3390/chromatography2040669

AMA Style

Grinias JP, Bunner B, Gilar M, Jorgenson JW. Measurement and Modeling of Extra-Column Effects Due to Injection and Connections in Capillary Liquid Chromatography. Chromatography. 2015; 2(4):669-690. https://doi.org/10.3390/chromatography2040669

Chicago/Turabian Style

Grinias, James P., Bernard Bunner, Martin Gilar, and James W. Jorgenson. 2015. "Measurement and Modeling of Extra-Column Effects Due to Injection and Connections in Capillary Liquid Chromatography" Chromatography 2, no. 4: 669-690. https://doi.org/10.3390/chromatography2040669

APA Style

Grinias, J. P., Bunner, B., Gilar, M., & Jorgenson, J. W. (2015). Measurement and Modeling of Extra-Column Effects Due to Injection and Connections in Capillary Liquid Chromatography. Chromatography, 2(4), 669-690. https://doi.org/10.3390/chromatography2040669

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Measurement and Modeling of Extra-Column Effects Due to Injection and Connections in Capillary Liquid Chromatography

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