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10.3390/separations10080438
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Article

Removal of Pb(II) from Aqueous Solution and Adsorption Kinetics of Corn Stalk Biochar

by
Wenling Yang
1,
Chaoyang Lu
2,
Bo Liang
3,
Chaohui Yin
2,
Gao Lei
1,
Baitao Wang
1,
Xiaokai Zhou
2,
Jing Zhen
1,
Shujing Quan
1 and
Yanyan Jing
2,*
1
Institute of Biology Co., Ltd., Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou 450008, China
2
Key Laboratory of New Materials and Facilities for Rural Renewable Energy (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affaires of China), Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
3
Henan High Tech Industrial Co., Ltd., Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou 450008, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Separations 2023, 10(8), 438; https://doi.org/10.3390/separations10080438
Submission received: 15 June 2023 / Revised: 20 July 2023 / Accepted: 25 July 2023 / Published: 2 August 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Carbon-Based Materials for Contaminant Removal)
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Abstract

In this work, the Pb adsorption and removal ability of biochar from simulated Pb(II)-contaminated wastewater, adsorption isotherms, kinetics, and thermodynamics were studied. Adsorption characteristics of biochar on Pb(II) were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDS). The influence of the pH of the solution, the contact time, and the biochar dose on the removal of Pb(II) were investigated by single-factor design and response surface analysis. With the increase in biochar dose from 2 g/L to 4 g/L in wastewater, the Pb(II) amount adsorbed on biochar reduced from 21.3 mg/g to 17.5 mg/g. A weakly acidic environment was more conducive to the ligand exchange between Pb(II) ions and biochar. Pb(II) adsorption kinetics of biochar showed that the Pseudo-first-order model was more suitable than other employed models to describe the adsorption process. During the isothermal adsorption process, Langmuir and Freundlich’s isotherms fitted the adsorption data very well (R2 > 96%). The Pb (II) adsorption onto biochar was spontaneous in the specified temperature range (298–318 K) and the process was exothermic. Simultaneously, the optimal conditions were a pH of 5, a contact time of 255 min, and a biochar dose of 3 g/L, under which the maximum predicted Pb(II) removal efficiency was 91.52%.
Keywords: biochar; Pb(II) removal; adsorption ability; kinetic analysis biochar; Pb(II) removal; adsorption ability; kinetic analysis

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MDPI and ACS Style

Yang, W.; Lu, C.; Liang, B.; Yin, C.; Lei, G.; Wang, B.; Zhou, X.; Zhen, J.; Quan, S.; Jing, Y. Removal of Pb(II) from Aqueous Solution and Adsorption Kinetics of Corn Stalk Biochar. Separations 2023, 10, 438. https://doi.org/10.3390/separations10080438

AMA Style

Yang W, Lu C, Liang B, Yin C, Lei G, Wang B, Zhou X, Zhen J, Quan S, Jing Y. Removal of Pb(II) from Aqueous Solution and Adsorption Kinetics of Corn Stalk Biochar. Separations. 2023; 10(8):438. https://doi.org/10.3390/separations10080438

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yang, Wenling, Chaoyang Lu, Bo Liang, Chaohui Yin, Gao Lei, Baitao Wang, Xiaokai Zhou, Jing Zhen, Shujing Quan, and Yanyan Jing. 2023. "Removal of Pb(II) from Aqueous Solution and Adsorption Kinetics of Corn Stalk Biochar" Separations 10, no. 8: 438. https://doi.org/10.3390/separations10080438

APA Style

Yang, W., Lu, C., Liang, B., Yin, C., Lei, G., Wang, B., Zhou, X., Zhen, J., Quan, S., & Jing, Y. (2023). Removal of Pb(II) from Aqueous Solution and Adsorption Kinetics of Corn Stalk Biochar. Separations, 10(8), 438. https://doi.org/10.3390/separations10080438

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