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Volume 10
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Article

Performance Analysis of Multi-Hop FSOC over Gamma-Gamma Turbulence and Random Fog with Generalized Pointing Errors

by
Yidi Chang
1,
Zhi Liu
1,2,*,
Haifeng Yao
3,
Shiming Gao
4,
Keyan Dong
2 and
Shutong Liu
1
1
School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
2
National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Space Optoelectronics Technology, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
3
School of Optoelectronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
4
Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Photonics 2023, 10(11), 1240; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10111240
Submission received: 23 September 2023 / Revised: 12 October 2023 / Accepted: 24 October 2023 / Published: 8 November 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Space Laser Communication and Networking Technology)
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Abstract

The multi-hop amplify-and-forward free-space optical communication (FSOC) system is studied in random fog using the I-function, considering Gamma-Gamma atmospheric turbulence and Beckmann pointing error. Outage probability, average bit error rate and average ergodic channel capacity are obtained. Channel-state-information assisted relay performs better than fixed-gain relay under high transmitted power. Increasing the hop number significantly improves the performance. More hops are needed in medium fog than in light fog to achieve the same performance. In addition, on a single-hop link, the influence of fog channel on system performance is dominant, while atmospheric turbulence intensity, normalized jitter standard deviation and normalized boresight error have little effect on the system performance. However, on a multi-hop link, atmospheric turbulence intensity, normalized jitter standard deviation and normalized boresight error have serious effects on system performance. Compared with correcting the normalized boresight error, compensating the normalized jitter standard deviation greatly improves the multi-hop FSOC system performance. Furthermore, optimizing beam width can further improves the performance. To ensure good communication, the system should select a low-order modulation scheme.
Keywords: free-space optical communication; multi hop; fog; atmospheric turbulence; generalized pointing error; outage probability free-space optical communication; multi hop; fog; atmospheric turbulence; generalized pointing error; outage probability

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MDPI and ACS Style

Chang, Y.; Liu, Z.; Yao, H.; Gao, S.; Dong, K.; Liu, S. Performance Analysis of Multi-Hop FSOC over Gamma-Gamma Turbulence and Random Fog with Generalized Pointing Errors. Photonics 2023, 10, 1240. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10111240

AMA Style

Chang Y, Liu Z, Yao H, Gao S, Dong K, Liu S. Performance Analysis of Multi-Hop FSOC over Gamma-Gamma Turbulence and Random Fog with Generalized Pointing Errors. Photonics. 2023; 10(11):1240. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10111240

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chang, Yidi, Zhi Liu, Haifeng Yao, Shiming Gao, Keyan Dong, and Shutong Liu. 2023. "Performance Analysis of Multi-Hop FSOC over Gamma-Gamma Turbulence and Random Fog with Generalized Pointing Errors" Photonics 10, no. 11: 1240. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10111240

APA Style

Chang, Y., Liu, Z., Yao, H., Gao, S., Dong, K., & Liu, S. (2023). Performance Analysis of Multi-Hop FSOC over Gamma-Gamma Turbulence and Random Fog with Generalized Pointing Errors. Photonics, 10(11), 1240. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10111240

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