Objective User Visual Experience Evaluation When Working with Virtual Pixel-Based 3D System and Real Voxel-Based 3D System
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Near Work-Induced Refraction Shifts
1.2. Accommodative Microfluctuations
1.3. Pupil Size
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Instrumentation and Stimuli
2.2.1. Volumetric 3D Imaging
2.2.2. Anaglyph 3D Imaging
2.3. Experimental Procedure
2.4. Data Analysis
Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Near Work-Induced Refraction Shifts
3.2. Accommodative Microfluctuations
3.3. Pupil Size
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Volumetric 3D (n = 19) | Anaglyph 3D (n = 19) | p-Value * | |
---|---|---|---|
Age, years (mean ± SD) | 24 ± 4 | 23 ± 3 | 0.15 |
Stereoacuity, arc.sec (mean ± SD) | 42″ ± 9″ | 44″ ± 14″ | 0.30 |
Baseline refraction, D (mean ± SD) | +0.30 ± 0.48 | +0.22 ± 0.40 | 0.50 |
Baseline pupil size, mm (mean ± SE) | 5.90 ± 0.10 | 6.14 ± 0.12 | 0.13 |
Condition | Myopic Shift, % | Hypermetropic Shift, % | |
---|---|---|---|
Volumetric 3D | Task shift | 34 | 42 |
Post-task shift | 32 | 47 | |
Anaglyph 3D | Task shift | 32 | 47 |
Post-task shift | 39 | 34 |
Accommodative Microfluctuations RMS (mean ± SD), D | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Before | After Session 1 | After Session 2 | After Session 3 | After 5 min | ||
Far (5 m) | Volumetric 3D | 0.098 ± 0.06 | 0.076 ± 0.03 | 0.084 ± 0.05 | 0.078 ± 0.04 | 0.077 ± 0.04 |
Anaglyph 3D | 0.083 ± 0.07 | 0.091 ± 0.06 | 0.100 ± 0.06 | 0.096 ± 0.06 | 0.089 ± 0.07 | |
Near (20 cm) | Volumetric 3D | 0.148 ± 0.06 | 0.161 ± 0.07 | 0.162 ± 0.08 | 0.183 ± 0.100 | - |
Anaglyph 3D | 0.139 ± 0.07 | 0.160 ± 0.09 | 0.175 ± 0.10 | 0.160 ± 0.067 | - |
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Panke, K.; Pladere, T.; Velina, M.; Svede, A.; Krumina, G. Objective User Visual Experience Evaluation When Working with Virtual Pixel-Based 3D System and Real Voxel-Based 3D System. Photonics 2019, 6, 106. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics6040106
Panke K, Pladere T, Velina M, Svede A, Krumina G. Objective User Visual Experience Evaluation When Working with Virtual Pixel-Based 3D System and Real Voxel-Based 3D System. Photonics. 2019; 6(4):106. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics6040106
Chicago/Turabian StylePanke, Karola, Tatjana Pladere, Mara Velina, Aiga Svede, and Gunta Krumina. 2019. "Objective User Visual Experience Evaluation When Working with Virtual Pixel-Based 3D System and Real Voxel-Based 3D System" Photonics 6, no. 4: 106. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics6040106
APA StylePanke, K., Pladere, T., Velina, M., Svede, A., & Krumina, G. (2019). Objective User Visual Experience Evaluation When Working with Virtual Pixel-Based 3D System and Real Voxel-Based 3D System. Photonics, 6(4), 106. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics6040106