Next Article in Journal
Nanograting-Enhanced Optical Fibers for Visible and Infrared Light Collection at Large Input Angles
Next Article in Special Issue
A Pixel-Dependent Finite Element Model for Spatial Frequency Domain Imaging Using NIRFAST
Previous Article in Journal
Efficient Deep-Blue Electroluminescence Employing Heptazine-Based Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence
Previous Article in Special Issue
Characterization of Ex Vivo Nonmelanoma Skin Tissue Using Raman Spectroscopy
 
 
Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
Journals
Photonics
Volume 8
Issue 8
10.3390/photonics8080294
photonics-logo
Submit to this Journal Review for this Journal Propose a Special Issue
► Article Menu

Article Menu

share Share announcement Help format_quote Cite question_answer Discuss in SciProfiles
first_page
settings
Order Article Reprints
Font Type:
Arial Georgia Verdana
Font Size:
Aa Aa Aa
Line Spacing:
Column Width:
Background:
Article

Spectroscopic Measurement of Methylene Blue Distribution in Organs and Tissues of Hamadryas Baboons during Oral Administration

by
Elizaveta I. Kozlikina
1,2,*,
Daria V. Pominova
1,
Anastasia V. Ryabova
1,
Kanamat T. Efendiev
1,2,
Aleksei S. Skobeltsin
1,2,
Natalia S. Rudenko
3,
Olga G. Kulik
3,
Evgeniya I. Muhametzyanova
3,
Dzina D. Karal-ogly
3,
Gleb A. Zhemerikin
4,
Dmitry V. Bulgin
3,
Artem A. Shiryaev
4,
Igor V. Reshetov
4 and
Victor B. Loschenov
1,2
1
Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
2
Institute for Physics and Engineering in Biomedicine, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, 115409 Moscow, Russia
3
Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Research Institute of Medical Primatology”, 354375 Sochi, Russia
4
Levshin Institute of Cluster Oncology, University Clinical Hospital No. 1, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University) Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 119146 Moscow, Russia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Photonics 2021, 8(8), 294; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics8080294
Submission received: 11 June 2021 / Revised: 16 July 2021 / Accepted: 21 July 2021 / Published: 24 July 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tissue Optics)
Browse Figures
Review Reports Versions Notes

Abstract

New research on Methylene Blue (MB), carried out in 2020, shows that it can be an effective antiviral drug as part of COVID-19 treatment. According to the research findings, MB has potential as a direct antiviral drug for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 in the first stages of the disease. However, the MB accumulation by various types of tissues, as well as by immune cells, has not been previously studied. Therefore, the objective of this study was to obtain spectral data on the interstitial distribution of the administered drug in endothelial tissues in primates. The data on interstitial MB distribution obtained by spectroscopic measurement at both macro- and microlevels during oral administration to Hamadryas baboon individuals demonstrate that MB accumulates in mucous membranes of gastrointestinal tract and the tissues of the respiratory, cardiovascular, immune, and nervous systems. Additionally, it was found that MB was present in lung and brain myeloid cells in significant concentrations, which makes it potentially useful for protection from autoimmune response (cytokine storm) and as a tool for the correction of immunocompetent cells’ functional state during laser irradiation. Since the cytokine storm starts from monocytic cells during SARS-CoV-2 cellular damage and since tumor-associated macrophages can significantly alter tumor metabolism, accumulation of MB in these cells provides a reason to conclude that the immune response correction in COVID-19 patients and change in macrophages phenotype can be achieved by deactivation of inflammatory macrophages in tissues with MB using laser radiation of red spectral range.
Keywords: methylene blue; photosensitizer delivery; COVID-19; PDT methylene blue; photosensitizer delivery; COVID-19; PDT

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Kozlikina, E.I.; Pominova, D.V.; Ryabova, A.V.; Efendiev, K.T.; Skobeltsin, A.S.; Rudenko, N.S.; Kulik, O.G.; Muhametzyanova, E.I.; Karal-ogly, D.D.; Zhemerikin, G.A.; et al. Spectroscopic Measurement of Methylene Blue Distribution in Organs and Tissues of Hamadryas Baboons during Oral Administration. Photonics 2021, 8, 294. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics8080294

AMA Style

Kozlikina EI, Pominova DV, Ryabova AV, Efendiev KT, Skobeltsin AS, Rudenko NS, Kulik OG, Muhametzyanova EI, Karal-ogly DD, Zhemerikin GA, et al. Spectroscopic Measurement of Methylene Blue Distribution in Organs and Tissues of Hamadryas Baboons during Oral Administration. Photonics. 2021; 8(8):294. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics8080294

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kozlikina, Elizaveta I., Daria V. Pominova, Anastasia V. Ryabova, Kanamat T. Efendiev, Aleksei S. Skobeltsin, Natalia S. Rudenko, Olga G. Kulik, Evgeniya I. Muhametzyanova, Dzina D. Karal-ogly, Gleb A. Zhemerikin, and et al. 2021. "Spectroscopic Measurement of Methylene Blue Distribution in Organs and Tissues of Hamadryas Baboons during Oral Administration" Photonics 8, no. 8: 294. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics8080294

APA Style

Kozlikina, E. I., Pominova, D. V., Ryabova, A. V., Efendiev, K. T., Skobeltsin, A. S., Rudenko, N. S., Kulik, O. G., Muhametzyanova, E. I., Karal-ogly, D. D., Zhemerikin, G. A., Bulgin, D. V., Shiryaev, A. A., Reshetov, I. V., & Loschenov, V. B. (2021). Spectroscopic Measurement of Methylene Blue Distribution in Organs and Tissues of Hamadryas Baboons during Oral Administration. Photonics, 8(8), 294. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics8080294

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

Article Metrics

Back to TopTop