Design of Nickel-Containing Nanocomposites Based on Ordered Mesoporous Silica: Synthesis, Structure, and Methylene Blue Adsorption
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Nitrogen Adsorption–Desorption
- (1)
- Intrapore formation of sufficiently small nickel(II) oxide nanoparticles, which are finely dispersed inside mesopores and not detected by X-ray phase analysis;
- (2)
- Blocking of the pores of the mesostructure with fairly bulky nickel(II) oxides;
- (3)
- The introduction of nickel(II) ions into the silica framework, which leads to an increase in the density of the composite;
- (4)
- A buildup of secondary and tertiary mesoporosity.
2.2. Scanning Electron Microscopy
2.3. Infrared Spectroscopy
2.4. X-ray Diffraction
2.5. Small-Angle Neutron Scattering
2.6. Thermal Analysis
2.7. Removal of Methylene Blue Dye from Aqueous Media by Nickel-Containing Nanocomposites
3. Conclusions
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Synthesis of Nickel Silicate
4.2. Characterization
4.2.1. Nitrogen Sorption
4.2.2. Infrared Spectroscopy
4.2.3. X-ray Diffraction
4.2.4. Small-Angle Neutron Scattering
4.2.5. Scanning Electron Microscopy
4.2.6. Thermal Analysis
4.2.7. Dye Sorption
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample Name | Ni/Si, % | pH | ABET, m2/g | VBJH Des, cm3/g | DBJH Des, nm | VDes, cm3/g | DDes (4V/A), nm |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
pH3 00 | 0 | 3 | 1171 | 0.47 | 4.2 | 0.79 | 2.7 |
pH5 00 | 0 | 5 | 1081 | 0.58 | 4.7 | 0.81 | 3.0 |
pH8 00 | 0 | 8 | 971 | 0.47 | 5.7 | 0.72 | 3.0 |
pH5 05 | 5 | 3 | 1074 | 0.32 | 5.5 | 0.66 | 2.5 |
pH3 05 | 5 | 5 | 912 | 0.41 | 5.0 | 0.65 | 2.8 |
pH8 05 | 5 | 8 | 984 | 0.47 | 6.3 | 0.73 | 3.0 |
pH3 10 | 10 | 3 | 926 | 0.34 | 6.9 | 0.62 | 2.7 |
pH5 10 | 10 | 5 | 1032 | 0.39 | 4.1 | 0.71 | 2.8 |
pH8 10 | 10 | 8 | 999 | 0.44 | 4.7 | 0.70 | 2.8 |
pH3 15 | 15 | 3 | 876 | 0.39 | 6.7 | 0.65 | 3.0 |
pH5 15 | 15 | 5 | 947 | 0.81 | 4.8 | 0.91 | 3.8 |
pH8 15 | 15 | 8 | 1035 | 0.38 | 3.6 | 0.64 | 2.5 |
pH3 25 | 25 | 3 | 1198 | 0.25 | 5.1 | 0.64 | 2.2 |
pH5 25 | 25 | 5 | 1099 | 0.41 | 3.3 | 0.68 | 2.5 |
pH8 25 | 25 | 8 | 1126 | 0.46 | 3.9 | 0.72 | 2.6 |
pH3 50 | 50 | 3 | 1223 | 0.36 | 4.6 | 0.72 | 2.4 |
pH5 50 | 50 | 5 | 1195 | 0.38 | 3.7 | 0.72 | 2.4 |
pH8 50 | 50 | 8 | 1041 | 0.50 | 3.6 | 0.70 | 2.7 |
Sample | Sorption Characteristics | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Sample | Ni/Si, mol % | pH | qeq, mg/g | α, % |
pH3 00 | 0/100 | 3 | 39.5 | 93.1 |
pH5 00 | 0/100 | 5 | 39.9 | 94.1 |
pH8 00 | 0/100 | 8 | 42.3 | 99.8 |
pH3 01 | 1/99 | 3 | 40.2 | 94.9 |
pH5 01 | 1/99 | 5 | 40.9 | 96.5 |
pH8 01 | 1/99 | 8 | 40.6 | 95.7 |
pH3 25 | 25/75 | 3 | 39.4 | 92.9 |
pH5 25 | 25/75 | 5 | 38.9 | 91.6 |
pH8 25 | 25/75 | 8 | 39.6 | 93.5 |
pH3 50 | 50/50 | 3 | 39.3 | 92.8 |
pH5 50 | 50/50 | 5 | 40.6 | 95.8 |
pH8 50 | 50/50 | 8 | 41.9 | 98.9 |
Sorbent | Conditions | qeq, mg/g | Reference |
---|---|---|---|
Mesoporous silica MCM-41 | m = 0.02 g (V/m = 2.5 L/g); C(MB) = 200 mg L−1; pH = 5.9; T = 30 °C; t = 180 min | 48.0 | [53] |
Mesoporous silica MCM-41 | m = 0.1 g (V/m = 0.5 L/g); C(MB) = 20 mg L−1; pH ~ 7; T = 21 °C; t = 30 h | 9.4–9.9 | [54] |
Mesoporous silica MCM-41 | m = 0.1 g (V/m = 0.5 L/g); C(MB) = 50 mg L−1; t = 24 h | 24.5 | [55] |
Mesoporous silica Nb,Ta/MCM-41 | m = 0.02 g (V/m = 1.0 L/g); C(MB) = 150 mg/L; pH = 10.0; T = 30 °C; t = 180 min | 207.1 | [28] |
Mesoporous silica Al/MCM-41 | m = 0.1 g (V/m = 1.0 L/g); C(MB) = 100 mg/L; pH = 8.0; T = 20 °C; t = 30 min | 285.0 | [56] |
Mesoporous SBA-15 | m = 0.01 g (V/m = 0.1 L/g); C(MB) = 40 mg/L; pH = 7.0; T = 25 °C; t = 20 min | 351.0 | [57] |
Mesoporous SBA-15 | C(MB) = 30 mg/L; pH = 9.0; m = 0.005 g; T = 20 °C; t = 40 min | 223.0 | [58] |
Nickel silicates | m = 0.1 g (V/m = 0.5 L/g); C(MB) = 160 mg L−1; pH = 9.0; T = 35 °C; t = 120 min | 38.9–42.3 | This work |
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Kouznetsova, T.; Ivanets, A.; Prozorovich, V.; Shornikova, P.; Kapysh, L.; Tian, Q.; Péter, L.; Trif, L.; Almásy, L. Design of Nickel-Containing Nanocomposites Based on Ordered Mesoporous Silica: Synthesis, Structure, and Methylene Blue Adsorption. Gels 2024, 10, 133. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels10020133
Kouznetsova T, Ivanets A, Prozorovich V, Shornikova P, Kapysh L, Tian Q, Péter L, Trif L, Almásy L. Design of Nickel-Containing Nanocomposites Based on Ordered Mesoporous Silica: Synthesis, Structure, and Methylene Blue Adsorption. Gels. 2024; 10(2):133. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels10020133
Chicago/Turabian StyleKouznetsova, Tatyana, Andrei Ivanets, Vladimir Prozorovich, Polina Shornikova, Lizaveta Kapysh, Qiang Tian, László Péter, László Trif, and László Almásy. 2024. "Design of Nickel-Containing Nanocomposites Based on Ordered Mesoporous Silica: Synthesis, Structure, and Methylene Blue Adsorption" Gels 10, no. 2: 133. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels10020133