Silica Xerogel Doped with Iron(III) as Sensor Material for Salicylhydroxamic Acid Determination in Urine
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Synthesis of Silica Xerogels Doped with Iron(III)
2.2. Interaction of Iron(III) Immobilized in Silica Xerogels with Salicylhydroxamic Acid
2.3. Analytical Application
3. Conclusions
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Reagents and Apparatus
4.2. Synthesis of Silica Xerogels Doped with Iron(III)
4.3. General Procedure for the SHA–Silica Xerogel Interaction Study
4.4. Sample Preparation and Solid Phase Spectrophotometric Determination Procedure
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Iron(III) Concentration in Sol, M | Iron(III) Content in Xerogel, % wt | BET Surface Area, m2/g | Micropore Area, m2/g | Total Pore Volume, cm3/g | Micropore Volume, cm3/g | Average Pore Diameter, Å | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SiFe1 | 1.0 × 10−3 M | 0.04 | 696 | 50 | 0.92 | 0.01 | 53 |
SiFe10 | 1.0 × 10−2 M | 0.33 | 551 | 454 | 0.24 | 0.20 | 18 |
SiFe50 | 5.0 × 10−2 M | 1.74 | 529 | 433 | 0.23 | 0.19 | 17 |
Xerogel | Time of Contact, Min | Limit of Detection, M (n = 3) | Analytical Range, M | Slope, M−1 |
---|---|---|---|---|
SiFe1 | 20 | 1.9 × 10−4 | 5.8 × 10−4–3.0 × 10−3 | 92 |
60 | 8.6 × 10−5 | 2.6 × 10−4–1.5 × 10−3 | 151 | |
SiFe10 | 60 | 9.1 × 10−6 | 2.7 × 10−5–1.5 × 10−3 | 1437 |
Sample | Added, M | Found, M | Relative Standard Deviation, % | Recovery, % |
---|---|---|---|---|
Synthetic urine | 5.0 × 10−5 M | (6.0 ± 0.7) × 10−5 M | 6.9 | 120.5 |
5.0 × 10−4 M | (5.0 ± 0.4) × 10−4 M | 4.2 | 99.7 | |
Human urine | 5.0 × 10−5 M | (5.4 ± 0.8) × 10−5 M | 9.0 | 108.6 |
5.0 × 10−4 M | (4.9 ± 0.4) × 10−4 M | 5.0 | 97.4 |
Analyte | Sample | Method | Range, mg/L | Limit of Detection, mg/L | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Suberoylanalide hydroxamic acid (Vorinostat) | Plasma | LC-MS | - | 0.125 μg/L | [7] |
Pharmaceuticals | Amperometric | 1–14 mg/L | 0.4 | [11] | |
Deferoxamine | Pharmaceuticals | HPLC Iron(II) complex | 10–96 mg/L | 6.0 | [9] |
Plasma | HPLC | 6–56 mg/L | - | [5] | |
Urine | HPLC | 1–90 mg/L | 0.02 | [6] | |
Salicylhydroxamic acid | Pharmaceuticals | Potentiometric, urease inhibition | 0.5–7 mg/L | 0.1 | [10] |
Pharmaceuticals | Spectrophotometric, UV | 0.1–50 mg/L | 0.03 | [12] | |
Urine | HPLC | 5–95 mg/L | 2 | [8] | |
Pharmaceuticals | Atomic absorption spectrometry | 3–31 mg/L | - | [13] | |
Spectrophotometry (Cu(II) complex) | 1–18 mg/L | ||||
Urine | Spectrophotometry (Fe(III) complex) | 4.2–230 mg/L | 1.4 | Present work |
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Morosanova, M.A.; Kovalev, V.A.; Morosanova, E.I. Silica Xerogel Doped with Iron(III) as Sensor Material for Salicylhydroxamic Acid Determination in Urine. Gels 2021, 7, 143. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels7030143
Morosanova MA, Kovalev VA, Morosanova EI. Silica Xerogel Doped with Iron(III) as Sensor Material for Salicylhydroxamic Acid Determination in Urine. Gels. 2021; 7(3):143. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels7030143
Chicago/Turabian StyleMorosanova, Maria A., Vitaliy A. Kovalev, and Elena I. Morosanova. 2021. "Silica Xerogel Doped with Iron(III) as Sensor Material for Salicylhydroxamic Acid Determination in Urine" Gels 7, no. 3: 143. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels7030143