Experimental Study on Physicochemical Properties of a Shear Thixotropic Polymer Gel for Lost Circulation Control
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Dilution Performance of Shear Thixotropic Polymer Gel
2.1.1. Anti-Dilution Performance of Salt Water
2.1.2. Anti-Dilution Performance of White Oil
2.2. Gelation Time under Different Initiator Concentrations
2.3. High Temperature Resistance of Shear Thixotropic Gel
2.4. High Salt Resistance of Shear Thixotropic Polymer Gel
2.4.1. Effect of Salt Concentration on Gelation
2.4.2. Effect of Univalent Salt Ion Concentration on Gelation
2.4.3. Effect of Divalent Salt Ion Concentration on Gelation
3. Conclusions
- (1)
- The shear thixotropic polymer gel system had the ability of anti-dilution. The gel could be formed under the condition of mixing 3 times volume of heavy salt water and 3/7 times volume of white oil, and it could maintain the stability of structure and morphology. Meanwhile, the gelation time of the shear thixotropic polymer gel system could be controlled in 2–6 h under the condition of 140 °C and different initiator concentrations.
- (2)
- The shear thixotropic polymer gel had the ability to resist high temperature, and the storage modulus of the gel was greater than the loss modulus at 140 °C When the temperature was 140 °C and the scanning frequency was 16 Hz, the storage modulus of the gel still reached 3800 Pa. Shear thixotropic gels could maintain a good three-dimensional network structure at high temperature and have certain high temperature stability.
- (3)
- The shear thixotropic polymer gel system had stable three-dimensional reticular structure and excellent salt resistance under the condition of high salt. It was found that the gel had good gelation effect and strong resistance to high salt in 100,000 mg/L sodium chloride and 10,000 mg/L calcium chloride. When the scanning frequency was 4 Hz, the storage modulus of the gel was 4700 Pa. The gel was dominated by elasticity and had excellent mechanical properties.
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Experimental Materials
4.2. Experimental Methods
4.2.1. Gel Preparation
4.2.2. Dilution Performance
- (1)
- The shear thixotropic polymer gel system was prepared by weighting water with salt water instead of deionized water. The weighted shear thixotropic polymer gel system was diluted with salt water with a high concentration of sodium chloride, and the dispersion of the gel system and salt water was observed at different dilution levels. Dilution was carried out in the following four ways:
- (a)
- Pour 1/3 volume of the salt water into the gel system.
- (b)
- Pour 2/3 volume of the salt water into the gel system.
- (c)
- Pour 1/3 volume of the shear thixotropic polymer gel into the salt water.
- (d)
- Pour 2/3 volume of the shear thixotropic polymer gel into the salt water.
- (2)
- In the dilution experiment of white oil, the method of mutual dilution between white oil and the gel system was used and the gel formation test was carried out. The dispersion of gel and white oil was observed at different dilution levels. The specific experimental steps were as follows:
- (a)
- The 90 mL gel system and 10 mL white oil were mixed and stirred, and placed in a measuring cylinder to observe the stratification state of the gel and white oil, respectively. The experimental recording time was 5 min, 10 min and 15 min, respectively. The gel solution was tested after being stirred evenly.
- (b)
- The 80 mL gel system and 20 mL white oil were mixed and stirred, and placed in a measuring cylinder to observe the stratification state of the gel and white oil, respectively. The experimental recording time was 5 min, 10 min and 15 min, respectively. The gel solution was tested after being stirred evenly.
- (c)
- The 70 mL gel system and 30 mL white oil were mixed and stirred, and placed in a measuring cylinder to observe the stratification state of the gel and white oil, respectively. The experimental recording time was 5 min, 10 min and 15 min, respectively. The gel solution was tested after being stirred evenly.
4.2.3. Microstructure Characterization
4.2.4. Rheological Property
4.2.5. Salt Resistance
4.2.6. Temperature Resistance
4.2.7. Gelation Time
4.2.8. Tensile Strength
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Serial Number | 1 | 2 | 3 |
---|---|---|---|
Tensile strength σ/MPa | 4.46 | 4.21 | 3.66 |
Elongation ε/% | 473 | 396 | 326 |
Temperature | Initiator Concentration | Gelation Time |
---|---|---|
140 °C | 0.1% | 6 h |
0.2% | 5 h | |
0.3% | 4 h | |
0.5% | 2 h |
Component | AM/% | Active Polymer/% | Initiator/% | Deionized Water/% | Rheological Regulator/% | Crosslinking Agent/% | Toughening Agent /% |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Content | 15 | 2 | 0.2 | 76.3 | 4 | 1 | 1.5 |
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Yang, J.; Bai, Y.; Sun, J.; Lv, K.; Han, J.; Dai, L. Experimental Study on Physicochemical Properties of a Shear Thixotropic Polymer Gel for Lost Circulation Control. Gels 2022, 8, 229. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels8040229
Yang J, Bai Y, Sun J, Lv K, Han J, Dai L. Experimental Study on Physicochemical Properties of a Shear Thixotropic Polymer Gel for Lost Circulation Control. Gels. 2022; 8(4):229. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels8040229
Chicago/Turabian StyleYang, Jingbin, Yingrui Bai, Jinsheng Sun, Kaihe Lv, Jinliang Han, and Liyao Dai. 2022. "Experimental Study on Physicochemical Properties of a Shear Thixotropic Polymer Gel for Lost Circulation Control" Gels 8, no. 4: 229. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels8040229