Characteristics of a Lipid Hydrogel and Bigel as Matrices for Ascorbic Acid Stabilization
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Visual Appearance, Perception, and Drug Content
2.2. Rheological Behaviour
2.2.1. Strain Sweep Assay
2.2.2. Frequency Sweep Assay
2.3. Texture Analysis
2.4. Small and Wide-Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS/WAXS)
2.5. Thermal and Light Stability of Ascorbic Acid
2.5.1. Temperature Stability
2.5.2. Photostability Study
3. Conclusions
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Materials
4.2. Gel Preparation
4.2.1. Hydrogel
4.2.2. Bigel
4.3. Gel Characterization
4.3.1. Rheology
4.3.2. Texture Analysis
4.3.3. Small- and Wide-Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS/WAXS)
4.3.4. Ascorbic Acid Stability Studies
Thermal Stability
Light Radiation Stability
4.3.5. Statistical Analysis
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A. Temperature Stability
Material | T0 | 1 Month | 3 Months | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
8 °C | 25 °C | 40 °C | 8 °C | 25 °C | 40 °C | 8 °C | 25 °C | |
HG | 4.13 ± 0.03 | 4.13 ± 0.03 | 4.07 ± 0.01 | 4.02 ± 0.03 | 3.59 ± 0.00 | 2.32 ± 0.00 | 4.02 ± 0.00 | 2.26 ± 0.01 |
BG | 3.85 ± 0.08 | 3.85 ± 0.08 | 3.95 ± 0.08 | 3.83 ± 0.04 | 3.12 ± 0.02 | 2.19 ± 0.09 | 3.25 ± 0.05 | 1.05 ± 0.04 |
4% AA sol. | 4.07 ± 0.03 | 4.07 ± 0.03 | 4.07 ± 0.03 | 3.81 ± 0.02 | 3.17 ± 0.00 | 1.36 ± 0.00 | 3.58 ± 0.03 | 1.56 ± 0.00 |
Temperature | Time | Material Comparison | p-Value | Significant Differences |
---|---|---|---|---|
8 °C | 1 month | HG—BG | 0.03 | Yes |
HG—4% water sol. | 1 × 10−4 | Yes | ||
3 months | HG—BG | 6 × 10−4 | Yes | |
BG—4% water sol. | 0.12 | No | ||
25 °C | 1 month | HG—BG | 7.5 × 10−7 | Yes |
BG—4% water sol. | 6 × 10−5 | Yes | ||
3 months | HG—BG | 2.4 × 10−9 | Yes | |
BG—4% water sol. | 5 × 10−7 | Yes | ||
40 °C | 1 month | HG—BG | 0.22 | No |
BG—4% water sol. | 9 × 10−7 | Yes |
Appendix B. Photostability Study
Material | T0 | 8 h | 22 h |
---|---|---|---|
HG | 4.12 ± 0.03 | 4.05 ± 0.01 | 3.67 ± 0.03 |
BG | 3.85 ± 0.08 | 3.92 ± 0.02 | 3.76 ± 0.10 |
4% AA sol. | 4.07 ± 0.03 | 3.88 ± 0.02 | 3.64 ± 0.05 |
Time | Material Comparison | p-Value | Significant Differences |
---|---|---|---|
8 h | HG—BG | 6.2 × 10−6 | Yes |
HG—4% water sol. | 4.5 × 10−5 | Yes | |
22 h | HG—BG | 5.7 × 10−4 | Yes |
HG—4% water sol. | 0.72 | No |
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Material | Hydrogel 10% AA | Hydrogel 4% AA | Bigel 4% AA |
---|---|---|---|
% w/w | % w/w | % w/w | |
Water | 85 | 91 | 34 |
HSPC | 4.8 | 4.8 | 1.9 |
DOTAP | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 |
Ascorbic Acid | 10 | 4 | 4 |
OO | - | - | 53.4 |
BW | - | - | 6 |
α-Tocopherol | - | - | 0.6 |
8 °C | 25 °C | 40 °C |
---|---|---|
T0 | T0 | T0 |
1 M | 1 M | 1 M |
3 M | 3 M | - |
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Loza-Rodríguez, N.; Millán-Sánchez, A.; López, O. Characteristics of a Lipid Hydrogel and Bigel as Matrices for Ascorbic Acid Stabilization. Gels 2023, 9, 649. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels9080649
Loza-Rodríguez N, Millán-Sánchez A, López O. Characteristics of a Lipid Hydrogel and Bigel as Matrices for Ascorbic Acid Stabilization. Gels. 2023; 9(8):649. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels9080649
Chicago/Turabian StyleLoza-Rodríguez, Noèlia, Aina Millán-Sánchez, and Olga López. 2023. "Characteristics of a Lipid Hydrogel and Bigel as Matrices for Ascorbic Acid Stabilization" Gels 9, no. 8: 649. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels9080649