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Horticulturae
Volume 11
Issue 2
10.3390/horticulturae11020109
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Article

Expression Pattern Analyzation and Regulation Genes Identification on the Purple Phenotype in the Different Tissues of the Purple Pak-choi and Zicaitai

by
Yating Zhu
†,
Xia Wang
†,
Xiuping Tu
,
Shujiang Zhang
,
Shifan Zhang
,
Hui Zhang
,
Rifei Sun
,
Xiuxiu Xu
,
Xinyu Gao
,
Guoliang Li
* and
Fei Li
*
State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Horticulturae 2025, 11(2), 109; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae11020109
Submission received: 25 November 2024 / Revised: 2 January 2025 / Accepted: 17 January 2025 / Published: 21 January 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Genetics, Genomics, Breeding, and Biotechnology (G2B2))
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Abstract

Among the Brassica species in China, including Chinese cabbage, pak-choi, caixin, zicaitai, and wucai, Brassica rapa plays an important role in vegetable production. Purple resources from the species itself are scarce. It is worth noting that the tissue positions expressing a purple phenotype vary greatly between purple pak-choi and zicaitai. In this study, the genetic patterns of the purple phenotype were analyzed in purple pak-choi and zicaitai, and the F1 showed purple leaves and green stems, which indicated that purple traits in the leaves and stem were inherited independently. In conjunction with field identification, RNA-seq was used to sequence the transcriptomes of the purple expression sites of purple pak-choi, zicaitai, and their F1. The high expression of the regulatory genes Dark_pur and BrTT8 affected the purple color of pak-choi and caused the high expression of structural genes of the anthocyanin metabolism pathway and the accumulation of anthocyanins in leaves. The regulatory genes BrPAP2 and BrTT8 affected the purple color of zicaitai stems, were significantly upregulated, and caused high expression of related structural genes, leading to the accumulation of anthocyanins in the stem epidermis. This suggested that BrPAP2 and Dark_pur were both R2R3-MYB transcription factors, which were tissue-specific for the regulation of purple color traits in B. rapa. They also had a gene epistatic effect, which influenced the expression of purple traits in the F1. The gene MYBL2 was highly expressed in all purple tissue sites. The present study on the regulatory genes of the purple phenotype of zicaitai and purple pak-choi provides a theoretical basis for revealing the influence of purple traits on B. rapa leaves and stems, and it may lay the foundation for the selection and breeding of purple vegetables of B. rapa.
Keywords: zicaitai; purple pak-choi; anthocyanin; purple phenotype; MYB transcription factors zicaitai; purple pak-choi; anthocyanin; purple phenotype; MYB transcription factors

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Zhu, Y.; Wang, X.; Tu, X.; Zhang, S.; Zhang, S.; Zhang, H.; Sun, R.; Xu, X.; Gao, X.; Li, G.; et al. Expression Pattern Analyzation and Regulation Genes Identification on the Purple Phenotype in the Different Tissues of the Purple Pak-choi and Zicaitai. Horticulturae 2025, 11, 109. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae11020109

AMA Style

Zhu Y, Wang X, Tu X, Zhang S, Zhang S, Zhang H, Sun R, Xu X, Gao X, Li G, et al. Expression Pattern Analyzation and Regulation Genes Identification on the Purple Phenotype in the Different Tissues of the Purple Pak-choi and Zicaitai. Horticulturae. 2025; 11(2):109. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae11020109

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhu, Yating, Xia Wang, Xiuping Tu, Shujiang Zhang, Shifan Zhang, Hui Zhang, Rifei Sun, Xiuxiu Xu, Xinyu Gao, Guoliang Li, and et al. 2025. "Expression Pattern Analyzation and Regulation Genes Identification on the Purple Phenotype in the Different Tissues of the Purple Pak-choi and Zicaitai" Horticulturae 11, no. 2: 109. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae11020109

APA Style

Zhu, Y., Wang, X., Tu, X., Zhang, S., Zhang, S., Zhang, H., Sun, R., Xu, X., Gao, X., Li, G., & Li, F. (2025). Expression Pattern Analyzation and Regulation Genes Identification on the Purple Phenotype in the Different Tissues of the Purple Pak-choi and Zicaitai. Horticulturae, 11(2), 109. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae11020109

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