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10.3390/horticulturae7050089
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Article

Effect of Spaceflight on Tomato Seed Quality and Biochemical Characteristics of Mature Plants

by
Elena Dzhos
1,
Nadezhda Golubkina
1,*,
Marina Antoshkina
1,
Irina Kondratyeva
1,
Andrew Koshevarov
1,
Anton Shkaplerov
2,
Tatiana Zavarykina
3,4,
Galina Nechitailo
3 and
Gianluca Caruso
5
1
Federal Scientific Center of Vegetable Production, Selectsionnaya 14, 143072 Moscow, Russia
2
Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center, Star City, 141160 Moscow, Russia
3
Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics RAS, Kosigina 4, 119334 Moscow, Russia
4
Federal Scientific Center “Nemchinovka”, Agrokhimikov 6, Novoivanovskoe, 143026 Moscow, Russia
5
Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, 80055 Naples, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Horticulturae 2021, 7(5), 89; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae7050089
Submission received: 1 April 2021 / Revised: 17 April 2021 / Accepted: 20 April 2021 / Published: 22 April 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritive Value, Polyphenolic Content, and Bioactive Constitution of Green, Red and Flowering Plants)
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Abstract

Intensive space exploration includes profound investigations on the effect of weightlessness and cosmic radiation on plant growth and development. Tomato seeds are often used in such experiments though up to date the results have given rather vague information about biochemical changes in mature plants grown from seeds subjected to spaceflight. The effect of half a year of storage in the International Space Station (ISS) on tomato seeds (cultivar Podmoskovny ranny) was studied by analyzing the biochemical characteristics and mineral content of mature plants grown from these seeds both in greenhouse and field conditions. A significant increase was recorded in ascorbic acid, polyphenol and carotenoid contents, and total antioxidant activity (AOA), with higher changes in the field conditions compared to greenhouse. Contrary to control plants, the ones derived from space-stored seeds demonstrated a significant decrease in root AOA. The latter plants also showed a higher yield, but lower content of fruit dry matter, sugars, total dissolved solids and organic acids. The fruits of plants derived from space-stored seeds demonstrated decreased levels of Fe, Cu and taste index. The described results reflect the existence of oxidative stress in mature tomato plants as a long-term consequence of the effect of spaceflight on seed quality, whereas the higher yield may be attributed to genetic modifications.
Keywords: space-stored seeds; Solanum lycopersicum L.; weightlessness; cosmic radiation; antioxidants space-stored seeds; Solanum lycopersicum L.; weightlessness; cosmic radiation; antioxidants

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MDPI and ACS Style

Dzhos, E.; Golubkina, N.; Antoshkina, M.; Kondratyeva, I.; Koshevarov, A.; Shkaplerov, A.; Zavarykina, T.; Nechitailo, G.; Caruso, G. Effect of Spaceflight on Tomato Seed Quality and Biochemical Characteristics of Mature Plants. Horticulturae 2021, 7, 89. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae7050089

AMA Style

Dzhos E, Golubkina N, Antoshkina M, Kondratyeva I, Koshevarov A, Shkaplerov A, Zavarykina T, Nechitailo G, Caruso G. Effect of Spaceflight on Tomato Seed Quality and Biochemical Characteristics of Mature Plants. Horticulturae. 2021; 7(5):89. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae7050089

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dzhos, Elena, Nadezhda Golubkina, Marina Antoshkina, Irina Kondratyeva, Andrew Koshevarov, Anton Shkaplerov, Tatiana Zavarykina, Galina Nechitailo, and Gianluca Caruso. 2021. "Effect of Spaceflight on Tomato Seed Quality and Biochemical Characteristics of Mature Plants" Horticulturae 7, no. 5: 89. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae7050089

APA Style

Dzhos, E., Golubkina, N., Antoshkina, M., Kondratyeva, I., Koshevarov, A., Shkaplerov, A., Zavarykina, T., Nechitailo, G., & Caruso, G. (2021). Effect of Spaceflight on Tomato Seed Quality and Biochemical Characteristics of Mature Plants. Horticulturae, 7(5), 89. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae7050089

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