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Article

Phytochemical Profiling, Mineral Elements, and Biological Activities of Artemisia campestris L. Grown in Algeria

by
Wafa Zahnit
1,
Ouanissa Smara
1,
Lazhar Bechki
1,
Chawki Bensouici
2,
Mohammed Messaoudi
3,4,
Naima Benchikha
4,
Imane Larkem
5,
Chinaza Godswill Awuchi
6,
Barbara Sawicka
7 and
Jesus Simal-Gandara
8,*
1
Laboratoire de Valorisation et Promotion des Ressources Sahariennes (VPRS), Département de Chimie, Faculté des Mathématiques et des Sciences de la Matière, Université Kasdi Merabah, Ouargla 30000, Algeria
2
Centre de Recherche en Biotechnologie (C.R.B.T.) Constantine, Constantine 25000, Algeria
3
Nuclear Research Centre of Birine, Ain Oussera, Djelfa 17200, Algeria
4
Chemistry Department, University of Hamma Lakhdar El-Oued, B.P.789, El-Oued 39000, Algeria
5
Agronomy Department, University of Mohamed Khider Biskra, Biskra 07000, Algeria
6
School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Kampala International University, Kampala P.O. Box 20000, Uganda
7
Department of Plant Production Technology and Commodities Science, University of Life Science in Lublin, Akademicka 15 Str., 20-950 Lublin, Poland
8
Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo—Ourense Campus, E32004 Ourense, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Horticulturae 2022, 8(10), 914; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8100914
Submission received: 14 September 2022 / Revised: 26 September 2022 / Accepted: 1 October 2022 / Published: 6 October 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Horticultural Plants and By-Products as Sources of Biological Active Compounds)
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Abstract

Artemisia campestris L. is commonly used in folk medicine due to its antioxidant, antidiabetic, nutritional, and culinary properties. Our study assessed the total phenolics contents, antioxidant, and pharmacological activities of various organic extracts prepared from the aerial parts of Artemisia campestris, and its mineral elements and chemical profile were analyzed. ICP-OES was used to analyze the mineral profile and the LC-MS/MS analysis was used to characterize the phytochemical profiling. A series of antioxidant tests were carried out using DPPH, ABTS, beta-carotene, GOR, RP, CUPRAC, and O-Phenanthroline assays. In vitro potent inhibitory actions of A. campestris extracts were investigated to evaluate their anti-cholinesterase, anti-lipase and anti-diabetic activities. The photoprotective effect of the plant was measured by the sun protection factor. The most powerful inhibitor of α-amylase was AcPEE (IC50 = 11.79 ± 0.14 μg/mL), which also showed a significant butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory effect (IC50 = 93.50 ± 1.60 μg/mL). At IC50 = 23.16 ± 0.19 μg/mL, AcEAE showed the most powerful inhibitory effects on acetylcholinesterase. A. campestris was found to have a strong photoprotective ability, absorbing UV radiations with SPF values ranging from 26.07 ± 0.22 to 40.76 ± 0.11. The results showed that A. campestris extract has strong antioxidant activity in all the test samples except for the carotene bleaching assay. The LC/MS-MS results showed that AcDE, AcEAE, and AcBE identified 11 compounds belonging to Polyphenols Compounds. Our result also showed that A. campestris contains a high concentration of essential minerals, including macro-and micro-elements with their values close to the FAO’s recommended concentration. A. campestris has the capacity to improve pharmaceutical formulations, health, and medical research, due to its compositions and potent biological properties.
Keywords: antioxidant activity; culinary properties; A. campestris L.; mineral content; total phenol content antioxidant activity; culinary properties; A. campestris L.; mineral content; total phenol content

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MDPI and ACS Style

Zahnit, W.; Smara, O.; Bechki, L.; Bensouici, C.; Messaoudi, M.; Benchikha, N.; Larkem, I.; Awuchi, C.G.; Sawicka, B.; Simal-Gandara, J. Phytochemical Profiling, Mineral Elements, and Biological Activities of Artemisia campestris L. Grown in Algeria. Horticulturae 2022, 8, 914. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8100914

AMA Style

Zahnit W, Smara O, Bechki L, Bensouici C, Messaoudi M, Benchikha N, Larkem I, Awuchi CG, Sawicka B, Simal-Gandara J. Phytochemical Profiling, Mineral Elements, and Biological Activities of Artemisia campestris L. Grown in Algeria. Horticulturae. 2022; 8(10):914. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8100914

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zahnit, Wafa, Ouanissa Smara, Lazhar Bechki, Chawki Bensouici, Mohammed Messaoudi, Naima Benchikha, Imane Larkem, Chinaza Godswill Awuchi, Barbara Sawicka, and Jesus Simal-Gandara. 2022. "Phytochemical Profiling, Mineral Elements, and Biological Activities of Artemisia campestris L. Grown in Algeria" Horticulturae 8, no. 10: 914. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8100914

APA Style

Zahnit, W., Smara, O., Bechki, L., Bensouici, C., Messaoudi, M., Benchikha, N., Larkem, I., Awuchi, C. G., Sawicka, B., & Simal-Gandara, J. (2022). Phytochemical Profiling, Mineral Elements, and Biological Activities of Artemisia campestris L. Grown in Algeria. Horticulturae, 8(10), 914. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8100914

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