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Review

Learning from Nature: Bioinspired Chlorin-Based Photosensitizers Immobilized on Carbon Materials for Combined Photodynamic and Photothermal Therapy

by
Lucas D. Dias
* and
Ivan S. Mfouo-Tynga
São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos 13566-590, Brazil
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Biomimetics 2020, 5(4), 53; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics5040053
Submission received: 30 July 2020 / Revised: 27 September 2020 / Accepted: 10 October 2020 / Published: 14 October 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomimetic Nanotechnology Vol. 2)
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Abstract

Chlorophylls, which are chlorin-type photosensitizers, are known as the key building blocks of nature and are fundamental for solar energy metabolism during the photosynthesis process. In this regard, the utilization of bioinspired chlorin analogs as photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy constitutes an evolutionary topic of research. Moreover, carbon nanomaterials have been widely applied in photodynamic therapy protocols due to their optical characteristics, good biocompatibility, and tunable systematic toxicity. Herein, we review the literature related to the applications of chlorin-based photosensitizers that were functionalized onto carbon nanomaterials for photodynamic and photothermal therapies against cancer. Rather than a comprehensive review, we intended to highlight the most important and illustrative examples over the last 10 years.
Keywords: bioinspired photosensitizer; cancer; carbon nanomaterial; chlorin; photodynamic therapy; photothermal therapy bioinspired photosensitizer; cancer; carbon nanomaterial; chlorin; photodynamic therapy; photothermal therapy
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MDPI and ACS Style

Dias, L.D.; Mfouo-Tynga, I.S. Learning from Nature: Bioinspired Chlorin-Based Photosensitizers Immobilized on Carbon Materials for Combined Photodynamic and Photothermal Therapy. Biomimetics 2020, 5, 53. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics5040053

AMA Style

Dias LD, Mfouo-Tynga IS. Learning from Nature: Bioinspired Chlorin-Based Photosensitizers Immobilized on Carbon Materials for Combined Photodynamic and Photothermal Therapy. Biomimetics. 2020; 5(4):53. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics5040053

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dias, Lucas D., and Ivan S. Mfouo-Tynga. 2020. "Learning from Nature: Bioinspired Chlorin-Based Photosensitizers Immobilized on Carbon Materials for Combined Photodynamic and Photothermal Therapy" Biomimetics 5, no. 4: 53. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics5040053

APA Style

Dias, L. D., & Mfouo-Tynga, I. S. (2020). Learning from Nature: Bioinspired Chlorin-Based Photosensitizers Immobilized on Carbon Materials for Combined Photodynamic and Photothermal Therapy. Biomimetics, 5(4), 53. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics5040053

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