Integrating Pneumatic and Thermal Control in 3D Bioprinting for Improved Bio-Ink Handling
Abstract
:1. Introduction
Bio-Ink Handling Challenges | Thermal Control Issues | Methodologies | Key Findings |
---|---|---|---|
Inconsistent bio-ink viscosity, clogging | Not specified | Quantitative criteria for bio-ink benchmarking | Up to 10% cell damage during printing, >50% cell damage at edges during crosslinking [28] |
Uneven material deposition, reduced cell viability | Not specified | Overview of bio-inks for 3D bioprinting | Highlighted need for bio-inks with consistent rheological properties [26] |
Impact of pH and crosslinking on printability | Sensitivity of collagen-based bio-inks to temperature changes | Rheological analysis, photo-crosslinking with riboflavin | pH and riboflavin photo-crosslinking affect gelation kinetics and mechanical properties [40] |
Precise bio-ink deposition for tissue engineering | Not specified | Bioprinting of cartilage tissue with zonal organization | Yield stress determines bioprintability, crucial for creating native-like cartilage [41] |
Multi-material bioprinting challenges | Not specified | Creation of perfusable vascular networks | Precise control over bio-inks is essential for vascularized tissue engineering [42] |
Cell compatibility in bio-inks | Not specified | Printing stem cells for skeletal regenerative medicine | Emphasized importance of bio-ink properties on cell viability and differentiation [43] |
2. Development of Nozzle Holder
2.1. Conceptualization
2.2. Replacement of Extruder
2.3. The Design of the Extruder
2.3.1. Engineering Drawing of Extruder Bracket
2.3.2. Engineering Drawing of Syringe Holder and Assembly
2.4. The Manufacturing of the Extruder
2.4.1. Manufacturing of Syringe Holder
2.4.2. Manufacturing of Extruder Bracket and Assembly
2.4.3. Syringe Air Control for In-House Bio-Ink Printing Confirming Shape Fidelity and Viability
2.4.4. Circuitry Design and Implementation
3. Implementation and Application
3.1. Three-Dimensional Printing of Filaments and Construct with Proposed System
3.2. Application for Various Bio-Inks
4. Attachment for Extrusion, Crosslinking, and UV Curing
4.1. Proposition of Attachments
4.2. The 3D Printing of Attachments and Future Recommendations
- Enhancing attachment design for better stability and user-friendliness.
- Investigating alternative materials to improve durability and compatibility with various 3D printers.
- Developing a modular Multi-Attachment System for easy switching between curing methods.
- Creating plugins for popular 3D printing software to streamline printing and curing processes.
- Expanding microcontroller functionality to include real-time monitoring, feedback mechanisms, and smart device connectivity.
- Researching alternative UV light sources to optimize curing for specific hydrogel formulations.
- Collecting and incorporating user feedback from diverse fields to iteratively improve the UV curing attachment’s design and functionality.
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Woods, P.; Smith, C.; Clark, S.; Habib, A. Integrating Pneumatic and Thermal Control in 3D Bioprinting for Improved Bio-Ink Handling. Designs 2024, 8, 83. https://doi.org/10.3390/designs8040083
Woods P, Smith C, Clark S, Habib A. Integrating Pneumatic and Thermal Control in 3D Bioprinting for Improved Bio-Ink Handling. Designs. 2024; 8(4):83. https://doi.org/10.3390/designs8040083
Chicago/Turabian StyleWoods, Perrin, Carter Smith, Scott Clark, and Ahasan Habib. 2024. "Integrating Pneumatic and Thermal Control in 3D Bioprinting for Improved Bio-Ink Handling" Designs 8, no. 4: 83. https://doi.org/10.3390/designs8040083