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Open AccessArticle
Presence of Intestinal Parasites in Patients with Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases in Masaya (Nicaragua)
by
Carla Muñoz-Antoli
Carla Muñoz-Antoli 1,*
,
Aleyda Pavón
Aleyda Pavón 2,
Jacklyn Comas
Jacklyn Comas 1,3,
Rafael Toledo
Rafael Toledo 1
and
José Guillermo Esteban
José Guillermo Esteban 1
1
Área Parasitología, Departamento Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica y Parasitología, Facultad Farmacia y Ciencias de la Alimentación, Universidad Valencia, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain
2
Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios de la Salud, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Nicaragua, Managua 14172, Nicaragua
3
Health and Community Research Group, Tropical Infectious Diseases Line, Universidad Tecnológica del Chocó Diego Luis Córdoba, Quibdo 270001, Colombia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Trop. Med. Infect. Dis. 2024, 9(8), 171; https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed9080171 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 12 June 2024
/
Revised: 29 July 2024
/
Accepted: 29 July 2024
/
Published: 30 July 2024
Abstract
Aims: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Masaya (Nicaragua) to estimate the prevalence of intestinal parasite (IP) infections in patients with non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and to determine the associations between the types of NCDs and patients´ epidemiological characteristics of infection. Methods: A total of 157 preserved faecal samples were examined (direct wet mount, formalin/ethyl acetate concentration and modified Ziehl–Neelsen technique). Microscopically positive faecal sample identification was completed by conducting a molecular study. Results: The total prevalence of IP was 52% in NCD patients. Diabetic patients presented an IP prevalence of 42%. Blastocystis presented the highest prevalence (42%). A molecular analysis of Giardia intestinalis (prevalence of 1.3%) revealed 100% of sub-assemblage BIII and the Entamoeba complex (5%) was identified as E. dispar. Blastocystis ST1 appeared in 44% of those suffering from diabetes and ST3 in 66% of those suffering from hypertension, while ST2 only appeared in those suffering with several NCDs simultaneously. In diabetic patients, the risk of infection is associated with having pets (p = 0.021) and land-floor houses. The risk of infection appears to be statistically related (p = 0.019) in those with several NCDs having received a previous helminthic deworming treatment. Conclusions: Coordinated public health activities for IP and NCD screening and diagnosis are crucial to their successful control programmes.
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MDPI and ACS Style
Muñoz-Antoli, C.; Pavón, A.; Comas, J.; Toledo, R.; Esteban, J.G.
Presence of Intestinal Parasites in Patients with Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases in Masaya (Nicaragua). Trop. Med. Infect. Dis. 2024, 9, 171.
https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed9080171
AMA Style
Muñoz-Antoli C, Pavón A, Comas J, Toledo R, Esteban JG.
Presence of Intestinal Parasites in Patients with Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases in Masaya (Nicaragua). Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease. 2024; 9(8):171.
https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed9080171
Chicago/Turabian Style
Muñoz-Antoli, Carla, Aleyda Pavón, Jacklyn Comas, Rafael Toledo, and José Guillermo Esteban.
2024. "Presence of Intestinal Parasites in Patients with Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases in Masaya (Nicaragua)" Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease 9, no. 8: 171.
https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed9080171
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