Bartonella Neuroretinitis with Initial Seronegativity and an Absent Macular Star: A Case Report and Literature Review
Abstract
:1. Background
2. Case Presentation
3. Discussion
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
References
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Localisation | Intracranial | Retrobulbar | Ocular (Retina, Choroid, Optic Nerve Head) |
---|---|---|---|
Causes | Space occupying lesion Malignant hypertension Venous sinus thrombosis Idiopathic intracranial hypertension Meningitis | Inflammatory/demyelinating (e.g., optic neuritis, neuroretinitis) Ischaemic Compressive Others (e.g., traumatic, nutritional, hereditary) | Central retinal vein occlusion Infiltration Inflammatory (e.g., neuroretinitis, uveitis) Hypotony (decompression) |
Symptoms | Headache Nausea and vomiting Diplopia Transient vision loss | Blurring of vision (typically progressive) Loss of colour vision Pain on eye movement | Blurring of vision, floaters Eye pain/redness |
Ocular signs | Unilateral/bilateral disc swelling False localising sixth nerve palsy Macular star * | Reduced colour vision Relative afferent pupillary defect (if asymmetrical) Proptosis | Redness Cells in anterior chamber, vitritis Retinal vasculitis Retinal haemorrhages Macular star * |
Systemic signs | Raised blood pressure Neck stiffness Fever | Focal neurological signs (e.g., numbness, weakness) Normal examination | Cervical lymphadenopathy Skin changes |
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Pan, J.T.; Yong, D.W.W.; Lin, H.A. Bartonella Neuroretinitis with Initial Seronegativity and an Absent Macular Star: A Case Report and Literature Review. Trop. Med. Infect. Dis. 2024, 9, 186. https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed9080186
Pan JT, Yong DWW, Lin HA. Bartonella Neuroretinitis with Initial Seronegativity and an Absent Macular Star: A Case Report and Literature Review. Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease. 2024; 9(8):186. https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed9080186
Chicago/Turabian StylePan, Jason Timothy, Dayna Wei Wei Yong, and Hazel Anne Lin. 2024. "Bartonella Neuroretinitis with Initial Seronegativity and an Absent Macular Star: A Case Report and Literature Review" Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease 9, no. 8: 186. https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed9080186