A User Study of a Prototype of a Spatial Augmented Reality System for Education and Interaction with Geographic Data
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. The Augmented Reality System Development
- The Marker Coordinate System to the Camera Coordinate System (3D to 3D);
- The Camera Coordinate System to the Screen Coordinate System (3D to 2D).
2.2. A Fisrst Look into the Usability of the Spatial Augmented Reality System
2.2.1. Participants
2.2.2. Activity Design & Basic Procedures
2.3. Describing and Analyzing the Results
2.3.1. Answer Transcriptions
2.3.2. Trends and Users’ Evaluation
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Analysis of Results from User’s Activities
3.2. General Review and Potential of Augmented Reality Systems According to the Interviewed Users
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Class | Requirements |
---|---|
Experts | Professor, with a PhD degree in Cartography, GIS, Geography, or Environmental Sciences/Water Resources, with experience treating spatial information related to water resources. |
Non-experts | Individuals who have not been classified as an expert. |
Task | Goal | |
---|---|---|
1 | Given the printed map with the Brazil’s boundaries, draw the boundaries of Paraná State. | Instigate cognitive and perceptual reasoning processes. |
After this, we turned on the system and projected the Paraná State boundaries (Figure 3b). | ||
2 | Once the system is presented, would you change your first representation? Why? | Instigate the parallel of knowledge between what is presented and what the subject knows, aiming to allow a new boundary delimitation. |
3 | Does the system help in the proposed task? | Verify the system contribution for the spatial knowledge construction. |
Task | Goal | |
---|---|---|
1 | Given the map with the Paraná State’s boundaries, draw four rivers you know or remember. | Instigate cognitive and perceptual reasoning processes. |
At this point, we connected the system and projected the SRTM image with the relief of the area (Figure 3c). | ||
2 | Do you recognize this product (the SRTM image)? Does it help you in this task? | Instigate cognitive and perceptual reasoning processes. |
3 | Once presented to the system again, would you change your representation? Why? | Instigate the parallel of knowledge between what is presented and what the subject knows, aiming to allow a new river flow delimitation. |
At this point, we connected the system and projected the river flow vectors (Figure 3d). We looked forward 10 s and then turned off the SRTM layer. | ||
4 | Do you recognize this product (the river flow vectors)? Does it help you in this task? | Instigate cognitive and perceptual reasoning processes. |
5 | Once presented to the system again, would you change your representation? Why? | Instigate the parallel of knowledge between what is presented and what the subject knows. |
6 | Does the system help in the proposed task? | Verify the system contribution for the spatial knowledge construction. |
7 | Based on your representations, draw arrows indicating the river flow direction. | Instigate cognitive and perceptual reasoning processes. |
At this moment, we connected the system and projected the river flow direction animation (Figure 3e). | ||
8 | Do you recognize this product (the vectors and the animation)? Does it help you in this task? | Instigate cognitive and perceptual reasoning processes. |
9 | Once presented to the system again, would you change your representation? Why? | Instigate the parallel of knowledge between what is presented and what the subject knows. |
Task | Goal | |
---|---|---|
1 | Based on your representations, draw optimal points for dams by means of traces, as well as its reservoir by a polygon. | To instigate cognitive and perceptual reasoning processes. |
2 | Does the system help in the proposed task? | To verify the system contribution for the spatial knowledge construction. |
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Share and Cite
De A. Pereira, G.H.; Bravo, J.V.M.; Centeno, J.A.S. A User Study of a Prototype of a Spatial Augmented Reality System for Education and Interaction with Geographic Data. Big Data Cogn. Comput. 2018, 2, 20. https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc2030020
De A. Pereira GH, Bravo JVM, Centeno JAS. A User Study of a Prototype of a Spatial Augmented Reality System for Education and Interaction with Geographic Data. Big Data and Cognitive Computing. 2018; 2(3):20. https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc2030020
Chicago/Turabian StyleDe A. Pereira, Gabriel Henrique, João Vitor M. Bravo, and Jorge A. S. Centeno. 2018. "A User Study of a Prototype of a Spatial Augmented Reality System for Education and Interaction with Geographic Data" Big Data and Cognitive Computing 2, no. 3: 20. https://doi.org/10.3390/bdcc2030020