Historical Global Review of Acid-Volatile Sulfide Sediment Monitoring Data
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
3.1. General Overview
3.2. Waterbody Types
3.2.1. Streams/Creeks
3.2.2. Rivers
3.2.3. Lakes/Ponds/Reservoirs
3.2.4. Estuarine/Marine Areas
3.2.5. All Waterbodies
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Location | Water Body/Type | Soil Type a | Biome Type | Depositional Areas Targeted? | # of Sites Sampled & Frequency | AVS (µmole/g) (Min-Max, Mean) | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SW Missouri, USA | Turkey Creek, (ag/urban stream) | Acrisols | Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | Yes | Six sites sampled twice in one year (0–3 cm depth) | 6 sites, Mar 1995: (1.93–33.2, 11.5) b 6 sites, Jun 1995: (1.03–2.85, 1.70) b | [14] |
Sweden | SW Sweden/Wadable | Cambisols/Podzols | Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | Yes | 3 sites | : (0.004–2.07, 0.693) | |
Denmark | E Denmark/Wadable | Cambisols/Luvisols | Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | Yes | 6 sites | (0.058–1.69, 0.739) | |
England | S England & Wales/Wadable | Gleysols/Cambisols/Luvisols | Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | Yes | 16 sites | : (0.007–31.5, 4.38) | |
Finland | S Finland/Wadable | Podzols/Histosols | Boreal Forests/Taiga | Yes | 5 sites | (0.004–3.18, 0.928) | [1] c |
Belgium | S Belgium/Wadable | Cambisols | Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | Yes | 6 sites | (0.020–44.0, 8.23) | |
France | N France/Wadable | Luvisols/Cambisols/Podzols | Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | Yes | 12 sites | : (0.004–25.3, 5.21) | |
Germany | W & S Germany/Wadable | Cambisols/Luvisols/Rendzinas | Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | Yes | 9 sites | (0.007–5.08, 0.795) | |
Italy | N Italy/Wadable | NA d | NA d | Yes | 2 sites | (0.008–0.012, 0.010) | Burton et al. [1]c |
E Wisconsin, USA | East River (ag stream) | Luvisols | Temperate Grasslands, Savannas and Shrublands | Not reported | 1 site sampled once e | 1 site: (mean = 8.8) | [15] |
S Michigan, USA | River Raisin (rural stream) | Luvisols | Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | Not reported | 1 site sampled once (0–10 cm depth) | 1 site: (mean = 1.12) | [16] |
Pittsburg, California, USA | Kirker Creek, small mostly urban creek | Luvisols | Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub | Yes | 14 sites with composite samples collected once for 2 years | 14 Sites: (0.071–23.7, 5.34) | [17] |
Sacramento, California, USA | Arcade Creek/Urban creek | Luvisols | Temperate Grasslands, Savannas and Shrublands | Yes | 11 sites with composite samples collected once/year for 3 years | Arcade Sites: (0.012–3.92, 0.751) | [18] |
Salinas, California, USA | Alisal, Gabilon and Natividad Creeks/Urban with some ag | Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub | 13 sites with composite samples collected once/year for 3 years | Salinas sites: (0.019–2.10, 0.781) | |||
N Illinois, USA | Big Bureau Creek (ag stream) | Phaeozems | Temperate Grasslands, Savannas and Shrublands | Yes | 12 sites with composite samples collected once/year for 3 years | Sites 1–12: (0.230–1.19, 0.458) | [19] |
Santa Maria, California, USA | Santa Maria River, Osco Flaco Creek, Orcutt Creek/(intensive ag) | Luvisols | Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub | Yes | 12 sites with composite samples collected once/year for 3 years | Sites 1–12 (0.07–25.8, 5.91) | [20] |
Roseville / Pleasant Grove, California, USA | Upper Pleasant Grove Creek/(urban stream) Lower Pleasant Grove Creek/(ag creek) | Luvisols Fluvisols | Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub | Yes | 21 sites with composite samples collected once/year for 10 years | 18 Urban Sites: (0.028–12.4, 2.78) 3 Agricultural Sites: (3.08–5.68, 4.65) | [21] |
SE Netherlands | Beekloop/Headwater stream | Podzols | Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | Not reported | 4 sites sampled once with 3 replicates per site | Sites L1–4: (13.1–62.6, 39.8) | [22] |
N Netherlands | Freshwater Stream | Fluvisols | Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | Not reported | 1 site sampled once or monthly for a year | Freshwater stream: (0.657–7.64, 2.89) b | [23] |
Location | Water Body/Type | Soil Type a | Ecoregion | Depositional Areas Targeted? | # of Sites Sampled & Frequency | AVS (µmole/g) (Min-Max, Mean) | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
W Montana, USA | Upper Clark Fork River & reference trib/(mountain river with ag & urban zones) | Luvisols/Kastanozems | Temperate Grasslands, Savannas and Shrublands | Not reported | 1 reference & 5 additional sites sampled once from composite grab samples in Aug 1993 (0–6 cm depth) | RC (reference): (mean = 1.9) Upper Clark Fork:(0.5–22.0, 8.8) | [24] |
W Montana, USA b | Upper Clark Fork River & reference trib/(mountain river with ag & urban zones) | Luvisols/Kastanozems | Temperate Grasslands, Savannas and Shrublands | Yes | 1 reference & 5 additional sites sampled once from grab samples in Sep 1991 (0–6 cm depth) | CF06 (reference): (mean = 6.7) Upper Clark Fork:(0.3–19.1, 9.1) | [25] |
N Belgium, E of Antwerp | Lowland riverine sediments | Podzols/Podzoluvisols | Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | Not reported | 17 sample sites (3 replicates each) sampled once | Sites 1–17: (0.763–205, 76.3) | [26] |
N Belgium, Flanders Region | Lowland riverine sediments | Podzols/Podzoluvisols/Luvisols | Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | Not reported | 28 sample sites (3 replicates each) sampled once | Sites 1–28: (0.004–357, 28.3) | [27] |
Flanders Region, N Belgium | Rivers Scheldt, Dender, Leie, & IJzer c | Podzols/Podzoluvisols/Luvisols/Fluvisols/Regosols | Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | Not reported | 44 sites sampled once | 44 Sites: (2.28–132, 31.8) | [28] |
Rio Vista California, USA | Cache Slough/Tidal freshwater river | Fluvisols/Luvisols | Temperate Grasslands, Savannas and Shrublands | Yes | 12 sites with composite samples sampled twice a year for 3 years | 12 sites: (0.40–2.14, 1.13) | [29] |
N Belgium | Nete/Scheldt River Basins/Lowland riverine sediments | Podzols/Podzoluvisols/Luvisols | Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | Not reported | 3 sites sampled once | 3 Sites: (24.9–321.3, 196.8) | [30] |
S Netherlands | Meuse & Rhine Rivers confluence delta (agr/urban) | Fluvisols | Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | Not reported | 1 core sample for AVS (top 0–9 cm) | 1 core: (1.49–7.06, 5.01) d | [31] |
Washington State, USA | Hanford Reach/Columbia River | Regosols | Deserts and Xeric Shrublands | Not reported | 4 sites sampled 2–3 times over 3 years | Hanford Reach Sites: (0.32–12.6, 4.68) | [32] |
N Serbia | Various rivers & canals | Chernozems/Fluvisols/Phaeozems | Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | Yes | 12 sites sampled once in the spring 11 of the same sites sampled in the summer | Spring: (3.10–14.1, 8.43) Summer: (3.19–16.0, 9.00) | [33] |
SW Netherlands | Meuse/Rhine River Delta (freshwater) | Fluvisols | Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | Yes | 4 sites sampled twice in Nov 1995 and once in Jun 1996 | Sites 1–4, Nov 1995: (7.4–52.5, 21.9) Sites 1–4, Jun 1996: (7.2–28.6, 13.6) | [10] |
Netherlands | Kromme River (freshwater) | Fluvisols | Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | Not reported | 1 site sampled monthly for a year (0–10 cm depth) | Kromme River: (6.87–38.4, 20.4) d | [23] |
Location | Water Body/Type | Soil Type a | Predominate Biome Type | Depositional Areas Targeted? | # of Sites Sampled & Frequency | AVS (µmoles/g) (Min-Max, Mean) | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Washington State, USA | Steilacoom Lake/Urban recreational lake | Cambisols | Temperate Coniferous Forest | Not reported | 11 sites with measured concentrations sampled once | Steilacoom Lake: (0.30–4.16, 1.97) | [34] |
NE Minnesota, USA | Fish Lake, Caribou Lake, and Pike Lake | Podzoluvisols | Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | Not reported | 3 sites sampled once and analyzed with 3–4 different methods/labs | Fish Lake: (1.3–1.87, 1.63) Caribou Lake: (5.35–8.4, 6.40) Pike Lake: (16.51–16.74, 16.6) | [35] |
W Montana, USA | Milltown Reservoir in Clark Fork River System | Milltown Reservoir: Luvisols | Temperate Grasslands, Savannas and Shrublands | 6 sites sampled once from composited grabs (0–6 cm depth) | Milltown Reservoir: (0.2–47.0, 18.5) | ||
Michigan, USA | Primarily lake sites in the upper peninsula of Michigan | Upper Peninsula: Podzols/Histosols | Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | Not reported | 8 sites sampled once from composited grabs (0–6 cm depth) | Upper Peninsula: (0.1–65.0, 10.2) | [24] |
W Michigan, USA | Primarily lake sites in the lower peninsula of Michigan | Lower Peninsula: Luvisols/Podzols/Histosols | Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | 8 sites sampled once from composited grabs (0–6 cm depth) | Lower Peninsula: (14.0–471.0, 127.1) | ||
W Montana, USA b | Milltown Reservoir in Clark Fork River System | Luvisols | Temperate Grasslands, Savannas and Shrublands | Yes | 6 sites sampled once from composited grabs (0–6 cm depth) | Milltown Reservoir: (0.6–23.3, 9.4) | [25] |
NE Minnesota, USA | Pequaywan & West Bearskin Lakes (large, isolated lakes) | Podzoluvisols | Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | Not reported | 2 sites sampled once c | 2 sites: (3.6–42, 22.8) | [15] |
S Michigan, USA | Maple Lake (rural) | Luvisols | Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | Not reported | 1 site sampled once (0–10 cm depth) | 1 sites: (mean = 1.18) | [16] |
S Ontario, Canada | Lake Tock (isolated) Lake Little Wren (isolated) | Podzols | Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | Not reported | One core sampled (0–15 cm depth) One core sampled (0–15 cm depth) | Lake Tock: (0.021–12.6, 1.74) d Lake Little Wren: (0.165–2.47, 0.787) d | [36] |
NE Minnesota, USA | Caribou Lake, Fish Lake, and Pike Lake | Podzoluvisols | Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | Not reported | 3 sites sampled approximately once a month for 16 months (3/90–9/1991) at depths of 0–15, 15–30, and 30–45 cm e | Caribou Lake: (<0.1–9.8, 3.8) d Fish Lake: (0.1–6.0, 2.6) d Pike Lake: (1.3–36.2, 12.7) d | [11] |
N Ohio Coast, USA | W edge of the central basin of Lake Erie (16 m depth) | Luvisols | Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | Not reported | 1 core site sampled in Nov 1977 with sediment depth of 0–39 cm and sectioned | 1 site: (0.49–14.9, 5.74) d, f | [37] |
NE Spain | Control sediment site from a large pool near Alava Spain | Cambisols | Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | Not reported | 1 control sediment site (Alava, Spain) | Control site: (mean = 6.7) | [30] |
Priest Rapids Dam/Columbia River | Xerosols | 6 sites sampled 2–3 times over 3 years | Priest Rapids Dam: (1.73–21.4, 8.81) | ||||
Washington State, USA | McNary Dam/Columbia River | Kastanozems | Temperate Grasslands, Savannas and Shrublands | Not reported | 6 sites sampled 2–3 times over 3 years | McNary Dam Sites: (0.075–3.22, 1.11) | [32] |
Ice Harbor Dam/Snake River | Regosols | 3 sites sampled 2 times over 2 years | Ice Harbor Dams: (0.033–2.43, 1.16) | ||||
NE Minnesota, USA | West Bearskin Lake (large isolated lake) | Podzols | Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | Not reported | 1 Sample from 3 replicates | Mean of 3 Reps: (3.90) | [38] |
N Netherlands | Lake Ketel/Large FW man-made lake | Histosols | Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | Yes (most sediment < 63 um) | 4 sites (10 reps per site) sampled once | Sites A–D: (0.7–14.7, 4.7) | [39] |
Netherlands | Freshwater Lakes | Fluvisols/Histosols/Podzols | Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | Not reported | 4 sites sampled once | Freshwater lakes: (15.1–52.0, 25.8) | [23] |
E Netherlands | Shallow floodplain lake (agr/urban) on the River Waal | Fluvisols | Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | No | 24 sites sampled from 0–5 cm depth | 24 sites: (0.2–40.6, 15.3) | [13] |
E Netherlands | Shallow floodplain lake (agr/urban) on the River Waal g | Fluvisols | Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | Not reported | Monthly samples (unknown n) collected (0–2 cm depth) for 14 months (2003–04) | Lake Deest 3: (0.44–15.6, 4.76) d | [40] |
NE Coast of China | Meiliang Bay and Wuli Lake/Extensions of Taihu Lake (large FW lake) | Cambisols | Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | Not reported | 7 sites sampled once | 7 sites: (0.32–1.22, 0.861) | [41] |
E China | Lake Dongbu near Wuhan on the Yangtze River (industrialized) | Gleysols | Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | Not reported | 3 core sites from different trophic conditions of subdivided lake sampled monthly in 2001 (means of 5–31 cm depths reported for each site) | Hypertrophic site I: (1.4–19.5, 7.53) Eutrophic site II: (0.9–7.6, 3.57) Mesotrophic site III: (0.9–2.5, 1.6) | [42] |
Location | Water Body/Type | Soil Type a | Predominate Biome Type | Depositional Areas Targeted? | # of Sites Sampled & Frequency | AVS (µmoles/g) (Min-Max, Mean) | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SE Coast of Brazil | Sergipe River Estuary & 2 estuarine tributaries | Acrisols | Mangroves | Not reported | 3 sites, 1 core each, 21 total samples from various core depths | Sal River: (13.7–23.7, 17.2) Sergipe River: (1.90–13.6, 6.16) Poxim River: (2.20–18.0, 7.65) | [43] |
SE New York State, USA | Estuarine (mostly fresh) marsh/stream system in the Hudson River | Cambisols | Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | Not reported | 17 sites sampled once (system considered a superfund site with heavy metals) | 17 sites: (0.09–75.5, 15.4) b | [44] |
Persian Gulf Coast, Iran | Marine sediments of the urban portion of Asaluyeh Harbor | Regosols/Solonchaksc | Deserts and Xeric Shrublands | No but mean sand content of all samples < 50% | 10 urban sites sampled in Autumn 2014 & Spring 2015 11 industrial sites sampled in Autumn 2014 & Spring 2015 | Urban Autumn: (0.017–1.70, 0.44) Urban Spring: (0.04–1.74, 0.29) Industrial Autumn: (8.22–19.74, 11.62) Industrial Spring: (1.07–18.89, 6.34) | [45] |
SW Spain | Guadalete River Estuary Site A: Harbor/Port Site B: Salt marsh drainage Site C: Agr drainage | Cambisols | Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub | Not reported but Sites B & C mostly < 63 um grain size | 3 sites with 2 replicates cores per site, sampled Feb 2001 | Site A, (0–32 cm): (0.594–2.36, 1.24) Site B, (0–22 cm): (0.512–1.29, 0.786) Site C, (0–39 cm): (1.14–20.2, 7.89) | [46] |
SW Spain | Guadalete River Estuary Site G1/Harbor/Port Sites G2–G3, S1–S7/Ag & salt marsh | Cambisols | Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub | Not reported but most samples < 63 um | 10 sites with 3 replicates per site, sampled twice (Aug 2002 & Mar 2003) | Site G1: (1.05–6.95, 2.67) Sites G2–G3, S1-S7: (0.65–22.4, 4.40) | [47] |
Shenzhen Bay, SE China | Urban mangroves influenced by the Fengtanghe & Shenzhenhe Rivers | Gleysols | Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forest | Not reported | 16 sites sampled once with 3 replicates per site | Sites 1–16 (0–10 cm depth): (0.189–10.2, 3.79) b Sites 1–16 (10–20 cm depth): (0.216–10.3, 2.17) b | [48] |
S New York State, & S Connecticut, USA | Black Rock Harbor (N Long Island Sound) & estuarine Hudson River | Cambisols/Podzols | Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | Not reported | 2 sites sampled once | 2 sites: (12.6–175, 93.8) | [3] |
S Connecticut & S Road Island, USA | Central Long Island Sound & Ninigret Pond, RI (saltwater pond) | Podzols/Cambisols | Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | Not reported | 2 sites sampled once | 2 sites: (1.3–15, 8.15) | [49] |
SE China Coast | Pearl River Estuary (industrialized) | Gleysols | Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forest | Not reported | 6 sites sampled once in Jul 2002 (0–10 cm depth) | 6 sites: (<0.01–3.89, 1.59) | [50] |
NE China Coast | Laizhou Bay (industrialized) | Solonchaks/Cambisols/Gleysols | Flooded Grasslands & Shrublands | No | 18 sites sampled once in Oct 2011 (0–5 cm depth) | 18 sites: (1.22–7.60, 2.99) | [51] |
Zhangzi Island (in coastal sea) | Cambisols c | Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | 7 sites sampled once in Nov 2011 (0–5 cm depth) | 7 sites: (0.71–11.03, 4.05) | |||
NE China Coast | Jinzhou Bay (industrialized/coastal) | Gleysols c | Temperate Coniferous Forest | Not reported | 7 sites sampled once in Sep 1992 | 7 sites: (3.02–44.7, 33.9) | [52] |
SE Canada Coast | Belledune Harbor (small marine port) | Podzols c | Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | Not reported | 10 sites sampled once in Aug 1990 | 10 sites: (5.54–102, 48.2) | [52] |
Maryland, USA | Bear Creek (urban estuarine river) | Acrisols | Temperate Coniferous Forest | Not reported | 14 sites sampled once in Feb 1992 | 14 sites: (0.40–304, 78.9) | |
S St. Thomas, US Virgin Islands | CBM Marina (coastal) IBY Marina & Boatyard (coastal) | Not available | Not available | No | 4 sites sampled once (1997–1999) 3 sites sampled once (1997–1999) | CBM sites: (0.24–1.30, 0.67) IBY sites: (25.0–33.0, 29.0) | [53] |
SE China Coast | Various coastal sites around the entire Leizhou Peninsula | Luvisols/Gleysols c | Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forest | Not reported | 100 surface samples (0–5 cm depth) collected May 2012 | 100 sites: (0.109–55.6, 4.45) | [54] |
SE China Coast | Bohai & Laizhou Bays, industrialized coastal sites in the Bahai Sea | Solonchaks c | Flooded Grasslands & Shrublands | Not reported but most sites are > 50% silt/clay | 55 surface sediment sites (0–2 cm depth) at five sampling locations in Aug-Sep 2012 | 55 sites: (0.05–5.8, 0.73) | [55] |
SE China Coast | Jiulong River Estuary, mangrove forest & associated mudflat sediments with heavy metals pollution | Vertisols | Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forest | Not reported but sediments at all sites were composed mostly of silt and clay | 6 sites core sampled (Aug 2003) inside mangrove forest & on adjacent mudflat (0–60 cm depth, 3 replicates/sample) | Mangrove forest/mud flat: (0.24–16.10, 4.76) b, d | [56] |
SE China Coast | Zhangjiang River Estuary, mangrove forest & associated mudflat sediments | Acrisols/Gleysols | Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forest | Not reported | 7 sites sampled (Oct 2004) inside mangrove forest, at forest fringe, & on adjacent mudflat (0–5 cm depth, 3 replicates/sample) | Mangrove forest: (0.512–4.96, 1.99) b Forest fringe: (1.16–6.44, 3.50) b Mud flat: (2.65–12.2, 7.13) b | [57] |
SE Brazil Coast | Iguacu River & Guanabara Bay, eutrophic estuarine systems | Acrisols | Mangroves | Not reported | Iguacu River (Feb 2000), 1 core 0–40 cm depth Guanabara Bay (Feb 2000), 1 core 0–40 cm depth | Iguacu River: (33–314, 182) Guanabara Bay: (48–245, 139) | [58] |
S San Diego, California, USA | Tijuana Estuary (urban influenced) | Luvisols | Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub | Not reported | 3 sample sites sampled 3 times in Feb 1996 | Storm drain outfall: (22.6–41.5, 29.6) | [59] |
S San Diego, California, USA | Tijuana Estuary (urban influenced) | Luvisols | Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub | Not reported | 3 sample sites sampled 3 times in Feb 1996 | Marsh: (31.2–41.0, 37.0) Tidal stream: (4.3–15.3, 9.2) | [59] |
Baltimore, Maryland, USA | Patapsco River Estuary (industrialized) | Acrisols | Temperate Coniferous Forest | Not reported | 14 sites sampled in Middle harbor and 9 sites sampled in Curtis Bay/Creek, both sites sampled twice in 2014 (0–2 cm depth) | Middle Harbor-Jul: (0.02–515.6, 121.4) Middle Harbor-Sep: (0.01–185.6, 77.5) Curtis Bay/Cr-Jul: (106.2–859.4, 502.7) Curtis Bay/Cr-Sep: (1.54–443.1, 173.9) | [60] |
N Portugal Coast | Douro River Estuary (industrialized) | Cambisols | Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | Not reported | 5 sample sites with 2 replicate cores per site sampled during 4 seasons in 1998 | Site II: (1.30–2.80, 2.00) Site III: (0.09–2.00, 1.17) Site IV: (0.15–0.75, 0.37) Site V: (0.004–0.370, 0.189) | [61] |
W Coastal Region | Regosols c | Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub | 11 sites sampled in Jul 2010 (top 0–5 cm | W Region: (0.015–31.3, 3.31) | |||
N Egypt Coast | Middle Coastal Region | Regosols/Solonchaks c | Flooded Grasslands & Shrublands | Not reported | 7 sites sampled in Jul 2010 (top 0–5 cm) | Middle Region: (0.038–0.110, 0.058) | [62] |
E Coastal Region | Solonchaks/Regosolsc | Deserts and Xeric Shrublands | 2 sites sampled in Jul 2010 (top 0–5 cm) | E Region: (0.029–0.119, 0.074) | |||
SE Coast of Brazil | Three rivers of the Santos- Cubatao system/estuarine rivers | Gleysols | Mangroves | Not reported | 3 sites sampled once or twice (winter and/or summer) | 3 sites: (0.04–31.9, 1.86) | [63] |
Ravenna, NE Italy | Pialassa Piomboni/Estuarine man-made lagoon | Cambisols | Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | Not reported | 50 sites sampled once | Pialassa Piomboni: (0.03–8.8, 3.1) | [64] |
SE Coast of Australia | Lane Cove Estuary | Planosoles | Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | Not reported | One reference site sampled once | Reference site: (mean < 0.5) | [65] |
SW Coast of India | Vembanad Lake System Estuary | Kastanozems/Fluvisols/Regosols | Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forest | Not reported | 12 sites sampled over 3 years during the pre, post and monsoon periods | Pre-monsoon: (0.27–103.2, 1.01) b Monsoon: (0.74–3.31, 1.65) b Post-monsoon: (0.10–328, 0.78) b | [66] |
SE Brazil Coast | Sao Paulo River Estuary (heavy metals present) | Vertisols | Mangroves | Not reported | 7 sites sampled in Jun (rainy season) & Sep 2014 | June samples: (1.66–2.02, 1.83) September Samples: (1.43–1.72, 1.63) | [67] |
SE Australia Coast | Various estuarine sites surrounding Sydney, Australia | Podzols/Acrisols | Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | Not reported but ranged from silty to sandy | 35 sites analyzed with 2 different AVS methods | Purge & Trap Method: (0.6–229, 70.1) Screening Method: (0.5–178, 54.6) | [68] |
Netherlands | Marine Sites (1–100 km offshore) Estuarine Sites | NA Fluvisols | Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | Not reported | 8 sites sampled once 7 sites sampled once | Coastal sites: (<0.1–8.0, 2.51)Estuarine sites: (1.3–22.6, 13.2) | [23] |
SE Coast of China | Maluan Bay/Industrialized Estuarine Bay | Vertisols | Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forest | Yes | 8 sites sampled once with 3 replicates each | 8 sites, ML1-ML8: (1.76–8.33, 4.80) b | [69] |
SE China Coast | Pearl River estuary (industrialized) | Gleysols | Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forest | Not reported but <0.063 mm fractions were prevalent at all sampling sites | 6 core sites sampled during 2 seasons (spring sites sampled to 14 cm depth, winter sites sampled to 16 cm depth) | 5 sites Apr 2005: b, e (<0.01–27.5, 5.10) 5 sites Dec 2005: b, e (<0.01–12.8, 2.65) | [70] |
Coastal Lagoon Maryut (industrialized) | Solonchaks/Regosols | Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub | 13 stations including 3 drain sites (0–20 cm depth all sites) | Maryut Lagoon: (4.75–80.8, 21.9) | |||
N Egypt Coast | Coastal Lagoon Burullus (agr influenced) | Solonchaks/Regosols | Flooded Grasslands & Shrublands | Not reported but most sites > 50% silt/clay | 20 stations including 8 drain sites | Burullus Lagoon: (1.50–15.5, 4.91) | [71] |
Coastal Lagoon Manzalah (industrialized) | Solonchaks | Flooded Grasslands & Shrublands | 9 stations including 2 drain sites | Manzalah Lagoon: (7.95–89.4, 26.1) | |||
W Taiwan Coast | Ell-Ren River (estuarine, agr/urban) | Gleysols | Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forest | Not reported but most sites > 50% silt/clay | 2 core sites sampled in Jul 1998 (0–40 cm depth) | Site A (upstream): b(14.7–43.9, 29.8) Site B (dnstream): b (2.09–18.4, 6.41) | [72] |
NE China Coast | Laizhou Bay (industrialized) | Solonchaks | Flooded Grasslands & Shrublands | Not reported | 35 estuarine river sites & 18 bay sites sampled (May-Jun) 2012 (0–5 cm depth) 33 estuarine river sites & 18 bay sites sampled (Sep-Oct) 2012 (0–5 cm depth) | Summer rivers: (0.25–182.7, 26.96) Summer bay sites: c (0.86–20.5, 4.98) Autumn rivers:(0.93–167.0, 21.83) Autumn bay sites: c (0.70–10.0, 3.61) | [73] |
Study Category | N, Mean, SD | Min, Max Values | 90th Centiles |
---|---|---|---|
Streams/Creeks | 21, 5.12, 8.56 | 0.010, 39.8 | 27.2 |
Rivers | 16, 27.7, 48.7 | 1.13, 197 | 82.2 |
Lakes/Ponds/Reservoirs | 29, 11.3, 23.3 | 0.787, 127 | 27.8 |
Estuaries/Marine | 74, 27.2, 67.8 | 0.058, 503 | 68.2 |
All Waterbodies | 140, 20.7, 53.6 | 0.010, 503 | 49.4 |
Soil Type | Streams/Creeks | Rivers | Lakes, Ponds, Reservoirs | Estuarine/Marine Areas |
---|---|---|---|---|
Acrisols | 6.6 | - | - | 99.2 |
Cambisols | 3.3 | - | 3.2 | 9.9 |
Podsols | 11.7 | 83.8 | 28.3 | 55 |
Luvisols | 3.3 | 35.6 | 32.4 | 20.1 |
Gleysols | 4.4 | - | 4.2 | 9.6 |
Histosols | 0.93 | - | - | - |
Rendzinas | 0.80 | - | - | - |
Phaezems | 0.46 | 8.7 | - | - |
Fluvosols | 3.8 | 14.6 | 15.3 | 4.2 |
Kastanozems | - | 6.6 | 1.1 | - |
Podzoluvisols | - | 83.8 | 8.7 | - |
Regosols | - | 18.2 | 1.16 | 4.4 |
Cheronozems | - | 8.7 | - | - |
Histosols | - | - | 41.9 | - |
Xerosols | - | - | 8.8 | - |
Solonchaks | - | - | - | 8.9 |
Verisols | - | - | - | 3.3 |
Planosols | - | - | - | <0.05 |
Biome | Streams/Creeks | Rivers | Lakes, Ponds, Reservoirs | Estuarine/Marine Areas |
---|---|---|---|---|
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forest | 7 | 41.2 | 12.5 | 30.9 |
Boral Forest/Tiago | 0.93 | - | - | - |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas and Shrublands | 3.4 | 5.5 | 7.8 | - |
Mediterranean Forest Woodland and Scrub | 3.9 | - | - | 11.8 |
Desert and Xeric Shrubland | - | 4.7 | - | 3.8 |
Temperate Coniferous Forest | - | - | 1.97 | 164.7 |
Mangroves | - | - | - | 44.7 |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forest | - | - | - | 7.8 |
Flooded Grasslands and Shrublands | - | - | - | 11.1 |
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Hall, L.W., Jr.; Anderson, R.D. Historical Global Review of Acid-Volatile Sulfide Sediment Monitoring Data. Soil Syst. 2022, 6, 71. https://doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems6030071
Hall LW Jr., Anderson RD. Historical Global Review of Acid-Volatile Sulfide Sediment Monitoring Data. Soil Systems. 2022; 6(3):71. https://doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems6030071
Chicago/Turabian StyleHall, Lenwood W., Jr., and Ronald D. Anderson. 2022. "Historical Global Review of Acid-Volatile Sulfide Sediment Monitoring Data" Soil Systems 6, no. 3: 71. https://doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems6030071