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10.3390/jnt6030025
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Review

Au QDs in Advanced Biomedicine: Fluorescent, Biocompatible, and Multifunctional Nanoprobes for Imaging, Diagnostics, and Targeted Drug Delivery

by
Nutan Shukla
1,*,
Aayushi Chanderiya
2,
Ratnesh Das
2,
Elizaveta A. Mukhanova
1,
Alexander V. Soldatov
1 and
Sabrina Belbekhouche
3,*
1
The Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia
2
Department of Chemistry, Dr. Harisingh Gour University, Sagar 470003, India
3
Université Paris Est Creteil, CNRS, Institut Chimie et Matériaux Paris Est, UMR 7182, 2 Rue Henri Dunant, 94320 Thiais, France
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Nanotheranostics 2025, 6(3), 25; https://doi.org/10.3390/jnt6030025
Submission received: 26 May 2025 / Revised: 4 July 2025 / Accepted: 22 July 2025 / Published: 8 September 2025
Versions Notes

Abstract

AuQDs (Au quantum dots) are ultrasmall nanostructures that combine the size-tunable fluorescence and photostability of semiconductor quantum dots with the chemical stability, low toxicity, and versatile surface chemistry of gold nanoparticles. This unique combination endows AuQDs with exceptional biocompatibility and multifunctionality, making them ideal for biomedical applications such as cellular imaging, real-time tracking, targeted drug delivery, diagnostics, therapeutic monitoring, and biosensing. Various synthesis methods—including chemical reduction, hydrothermal, laser ablation, and microwave-assisted techniques—allow for precise control over size and surface properties, optimizing fluorescence and electronic behavior for high-resolution imaging and sensitive detection. Compared to traditional quantum dots, AuQDs offer enhanced safety and biocompatibility, while surpassing larger gold nanoparticles by enabling fluorescence-based imaging. Their surfaces can be functionalized with diverse ligands for targeted delivery and specific biological interactions. In summary, AuQDs are multifunctional nanoprobes that combine superior optical properties, chemical stability, and biocompatibility, making them powerful tools for advanced biomedical diagnostics, therapy, and biosensing.
Keywords: AuQDS; biomedical application; nanomedicine; cancer therapy; surface chemistry AuQDS; biomedical application; nanomedicine; cancer therapy; surface chemistry

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MDPI and ACS Style

Shukla, N.; Chanderiya, A.; Das, R.; Mukhanova, E.A.; Soldatov, A.V.; Belbekhouche, S. Au QDs in Advanced Biomedicine: Fluorescent, Biocompatible, and Multifunctional Nanoprobes for Imaging, Diagnostics, and Targeted Drug Delivery. J. Nanotheranostics 2025, 6, 25. https://doi.org/10.3390/jnt6030025

AMA Style

Shukla N, Chanderiya A, Das R, Mukhanova EA, Soldatov AV, Belbekhouche S. Au QDs in Advanced Biomedicine: Fluorescent, Biocompatible, and Multifunctional Nanoprobes for Imaging, Diagnostics, and Targeted Drug Delivery. Journal of Nanotheranostics. 2025; 6(3):25. https://doi.org/10.3390/jnt6030025

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shukla, Nutan, Aayushi Chanderiya, Ratnesh Das, Elizaveta A. Mukhanova, Alexander V. Soldatov, and Sabrina Belbekhouche. 2025. "Au QDs in Advanced Biomedicine: Fluorescent, Biocompatible, and Multifunctional Nanoprobes for Imaging, Diagnostics, and Targeted Drug Delivery" Journal of Nanotheranostics 6, no. 3: 25. https://doi.org/10.3390/jnt6030025

APA Style

Shukla, N., Chanderiya, A., Das, R., Mukhanova, E. A., Soldatov, A. V., & Belbekhouche, S. (2025). Au QDs in Advanced Biomedicine: Fluorescent, Biocompatible, and Multifunctional Nanoprobes for Imaging, Diagnostics, and Targeted Drug Delivery. Journal of Nanotheranostics, 6(3), 25. https://doi.org/10.3390/jnt6030025

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