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Article

Uncovering Cognitive Distortions in Adolescents: Cultural Adaptation and Calibration of an Arabic Version of the “How I Think Questionnaire”

by
Fairouz Azaiez
1,2,3,
Amayra Tannoubi
4,
Taoufik Selmi
1,
Frank Quansah
5,
Medina Srem-Sai
6,
John Elvis Hagan, Jr.
7,8,*,
Chiraz Azaiez
1,9,10,
Houda Bougrine
1,11,
Nasr Chalghaf
1,2,3,
Ghada Boussayala
1,3,
Imane Ghalmi
12,
Mazin Inhaier Lami
13,
Mazin Dawood Ahmed AL-Hayali
9,14,
Ahmed Wateed Mazyed Shdr AL-Rubaiawi
9,15 and
Nabee Muttlak Nasser AL-Sadoon
3,16
1
Department of Education, Higher Institute of Sport, and Physical Education of Gafsa, University of Gafsa, Gafsa 2100, Tunisia
2
Postgraduate School of Public Health, Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, 16126 Genoa, Italy
3
Laboratoire the Maghreb Arabe, Faculty of Human and Social Science of Sfax, Sfax 3029, Tunisia
4
High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Jendouba 7100, Tunisia
5
Department of Educational Foundations, University of Education, Winneba P.O. Box 25, Ghana
6
Department of Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Sports, University of Education, Winneba P.O. Box 25, Ghana
7
Department of Health, Physical Education and Recreation, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast PMB TF0494, Ghana
8
Neurocognition and Action-Biomechanics-Research Group, Faculty of Psychology and Sports Science, Bielefeld University, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany
9
High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia
10
Sociological Research Group on Contemporary Societies (GRESCO), University of Limoges, 87032 Limoges, France
11
Physical Activity Research Unit, Sport, and Health (UR18JS01), National Observatory of Sports, Tunis 1003, Tunisia
12
Department of Fundamental Education in Sciences and Techniques of Physical and Sports Activities, University of Mohamed Cherif Messadia, Souk Ahras 41000, Algeria
13
College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Wasit, Wasit 52001, Iraq
14
College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Karbala, Karbala 56001, Iraq
15
Department of Education in Sciences and Techniques of Physical and Sports Activities, University of Baghdad, Baghdad 10071, Iraq
16
Training and Qualification Directoriale, Ministry of Interior, Baghdad 10071, Iraq
 
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Psych 2023, 5(4), 1256-1269; https://doi.org/10.3390/psych5040083
Submission received: 18 October 2023 / Revised: 3 December 2023 / Accepted: 6 December 2023 / Published: 15 December 2023
(This article belongs to the Section Psychometrics and Educational Measurement)
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Abstract

This study adapted and validated the How I Think Questionnaire (HIT-Q), intending to develop an Arabic version of the measure. The study assessed the (a) factorial structure of the Arabic version of the How I Think Questionnaire (A-HIT-Q), (b) construct validity evidence of the A-HIT-Q based on the internal structure of the scale, and (c) criterion validity evidence, highlighting how the cognitive distortions measure relates to some key theoretical variables such as depression. This study involved 762 Tunisian students aged 15–22 years, using a non-probabilistic sampling method. The students were boys (n = 297) and girls (n = 465). They completed self-report forms on Arabic-HIT-Q, depression (HADS), sleep (ISI), and physical activity participation, adhering to all relevant ethical considerations. Exploratory analysis revealed four factors which accounted for 73.46% of the variations in the distortion measure. Reliability analysis showed good internal consistency (α = 0.915) and temporal stability (r = 0.879). Criterion validity evidence showed cognitive distortion (as measured with the A-HIT-Q) was significantly associated with physical activity participation, anxiety, depression, and insomnia. However, no significant relationship has been observed between cognitive distortion, age, gender, and study levels. The evidence gathered supports the utility of the A-HIT-Q. Thus, the instrument demonstrates high efficacy in assessing the levels of cognitive distortions among adolescent students residing in Arabic-speaking regions.
Keywords: adolescent; psychometrics; confirmatory factor analysis; How I Think Questionnaire; wellbeing adolescent; psychometrics; confirmatory factor analysis; How I Think Questionnaire; wellbeing

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Azaiez, F.; Tannoubi, A.; Selmi, T.; Quansah, F.; Srem-Sai, M.; Hagan, J.E., Jr.; Azaiez, C.; Bougrine, H.; Chalghaf, N.; Boussayala, G.; et al. Uncovering Cognitive Distortions in Adolescents: Cultural Adaptation and Calibration of an Arabic Version of the “How I Think Questionnaire”. Psych 2023, 5, 1256-1269. https://doi.org/10.3390/psych5040083

AMA Style

Azaiez F, Tannoubi A, Selmi T, Quansah F, Srem-Sai M, Hagan JE Jr., Azaiez C, Bougrine H, Chalghaf N, Boussayala G, et al. Uncovering Cognitive Distortions in Adolescents: Cultural Adaptation and Calibration of an Arabic Version of the “How I Think Questionnaire”. Psych. 2023; 5(4):1256-1269. https://doi.org/10.3390/psych5040083

Chicago/Turabian Style

Azaiez, Fairouz, Amayra Tannoubi, Taoufik Selmi, Frank Quansah, Medina Srem-Sai, John Elvis Hagan, Jr., Chiraz Azaiez, Houda Bougrine, Nasr Chalghaf, Ghada Boussayala, and et al. 2023. "Uncovering Cognitive Distortions in Adolescents: Cultural Adaptation and Calibration of an Arabic Version of the “How I Think Questionnaire”" Psych 5, no. 4: 1256-1269. https://doi.org/10.3390/psych5040083

APA Style

Azaiez, F., Tannoubi, A., Selmi, T., Quansah, F., Srem-Sai, M., Hagan, J. E., Jr., Azaiez, C., Bougrine, H., Chalghaf, N., Boussayala, G., Ghalmi, I., Lami, M. I., AL-Hayali, M. D. A., AL-Rubaiawi, A. W. M. S., & AL-Sadoon, N. M. N. (2023). Uncovering Cognitive Distortions in Adolescents: Cultural Adaptation and Calibration of an Arabic Version of the “How I Think Questionnaire”. Psych, 5(4), 1256-1269. https://doi.org/10.3390/psych5040083

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