**5. Conclusions**

Our scoping review overall demonstrated a lack of data about the e ffects of micronutrients and nutraceuticals on osseointegration of dental implants, although, for some of them, such as vitamin D, there was a clear association among their deficit, reduced osseointegration, and increased early implant failure incidence in both animal and human studies.

Some micronutrient deficiencies are supposed to increase oxidative stress and inflammation and to a ffect collagen structure and bone mineralization. For these reasons, it would be desirable that further studies investigate the hypothesis of an influence of micronutrients and nutraceuticals on dental implant osseointegration and long-term success, as well as the opportunity of a diet integration to enhance peri-implant wound healing, bone healing, and peri-implant tissue stability. However, data for many micronutrients that might modulate bone metabolism are lacking, and dosing regimens for dietary supplements that improve dental implant osseointegration are not defined according to available findings; furthermore, safety issues remain to be carefully investigated. In conclusion, our findings support an ancillary role of vitamin D, in patients with vitamin D deficiency, as well as vitamin C supplementation, in facilitating the success of the dental implant surgery.

**Supplementary Materials:** The following are available online at http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/12/1/268/s1, Table S1: Search strategy.

**Author Contributions:** Conceptualization, L.N., A.M., S.M., L.G., and G.I.; methodology, L.N., A.M., S.M., M.P., M.A., S.L., G.T., M.B., and G.I.; writing—original draft preparation, L.N., A.M., M.P., M.A., G.C., and G.I.; writing—review and editing, L.N., A.M., M.P., M.A., S.L., G.T., M.B., G.C., L.G., and G.I.; funding acquisition, L.G. and G.I. All authors read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

**Funding:** The authors would like to acknowledge the Vanvitelli per la Ricerca (VALERE) program for the allocation of funding that aims to publish University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" research products.

**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.
