*3.5. Intrinsic Viscosity Analysis*

The viscosity measurements were performed using an Ubbelohde viscometer at 25 ± 1 ◦C. The pure solvent was ddH2O, and the intrinsic viscosity (ηr) was determined using the following equation:

$$
\eta\_{\rm r} = (\text{Int}/t\_0)/c \tag{2}
$$

where *t* = efflux time for solution (s), *t*0 = efflux time for the pure solvent (s), and *c* = concentration of solution (g/mL).
