*Article* **Three-Dimensional Buckling Analysis of Functionally Graded Saturated Porous Rectangular Plates under Combined Loading Conditions**

**Faraz Kiarasi 1, Masoud Babaei 1, Kamran Asemi 2,\*, Rossana Dimitri <sup>3</sup> and Francesco Tornabene 3,\***


**Abstract:** The present work studies the buckling behavior of functionally graded (FG) porous rectangular plates subjected to different loading conditions. Three different porosity distributions are assumed throughout the thickness, namely, a nonlinear symmetric, a nonlinear asymmetric and a uniform distribution. A novel approach is proposed here based on a combination of the generalized differential quadrature (GDQ) method and finite elements (FEs), labeled here as the FE-GDQ method, while assuming a Biot's constitutive law in lieu of the classical elasticity relations. A parametric study is performed systematically to study the sensitivity of the buckling response of porous structures, to different input parameters, such as the aspect ratio, porosity and Skempton coefficients, along with different boundary conditions (BCs) and porosity distributions, with promising and useful conclusions for design purposes of many engineering structural porous members.

**Keywords:** buckling; FE-GDQ; functionally graded materials; porosity; 3D elasticity
