**5. Conclusions**

The first aim of this revision is to highlight the evolving role of biomaterial used like bone graft in the place of autologous bone during craniofacial bone reconstruction and regenerative procedures. Discussion highlighted how the ideal biomaterial scaffold is still far from being realized because of it it still being hard to reproduce the design, the micro shapes and the chemical features of the autologous bone. While human clinical applications are limited to date, great promise seems to start from scaffolds originating from the lab or obtained from the sea. Specifically, marine collagen replacing the human bone features can be optimally used for being a safe scaffold on large bone reconstruction defects of the facial area.

**Author Contributions:** Marco Cicciù wrote and revise the whole paper; Alan Scott Herford revised the final manuscript, the grammar and the English style; Gabriele Cervino, Luca Fiorillo, Ennio Bramanti collected the data; Floriana Lauritano, Fausto Famà checked the data and prepared the tables; Sergio Sambataro checked the form for the submission and prepared the references style and order; Luigi Laino and Giuseppe Troiano abalyzed the data and compared the results for each group.

**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors report no conflicts of interest related to this study.
