2.1.2. Other Abiotic Stresses

Several studies have focused on broccoli resistance to other stresses, such as proteomic analysis for waterlogging stresses [28], microRNA analysis for salt stress [29] and transcriptome and metabolomics for wounding stress [30]; differentially expressed proteins/microRNAs/genes were identified as possibly related to resistance to these stresses [28–30].

In addition, cuticular waxes on the plant surface contribute to resistance to many environmental stresses, such as drought, UV light, high radiation and both bacterial and fungal pathogens [31]. Some loci and linked markers for this trait have been obtained. Using a natural glossy (cuticular wax defective) mutant, Branham and Farnham identified three candidates, *Bo3g001070*, *Bo3g122030* and *Bo3g008780*, for this trait on C03 [32]. In the broccoli × Chinese kale-derived BolTBDH population, leaf color was segregated, which resulted from the differences in cuticular waxes between broccoli and Chinese kale; a locus for this trait, *LC\_C09@15.1*, was identified on C09, explaining 45.64% of the phenotypic variation [33].
