*4.9. Statistical Analysis*

Data obtained from this experiment are presented as means ± standard error of the mean (SEM). When equal variance was assumed, the data were evaluated using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by post hoc LSD for multiple comparisons. When equal variance was not assumed, the data were analyzed by the non-parametric Kruskal– Wallis test with the Mann–Whitney U test for multiple comparisons. A significant difference was defined as *p* < 0.05 or *p* < 0.01.
