**2. Methods**

Bibliometric analysis in the present study employed three-step approaches. These steps were data mining, data refinement, and data analysis.

## *2.1. Data Mining*

A set of publications associated with fucoxanthin research was first extracted from the Elsevier Scopus database (collected on 15 July 2021). A complete search of the database was performed using [TITLE-ABS-KEY (fucoxanthin)] as the search query. This query retrieved a total of 2080 publications. Different search results will be obtained if distinct search parameters or databases were utilized.
