represent the significant differences at *p* < 0.01 (Student's *t*-test). *2.7. ZmWRKY106 Enhanced Heat Tolerance in Transgenic Arabidopsis*

*2.7. ZmWRKY106 Enhanced Heat Tolerance in Transgenic Arabidopsis* Under high temperature, the expression of *ZmWRKY106* was up-regulated. Following this result, we observed the phenotypes among WT and transgenic lines under 45 °C (Figure 6). The Under high temperature, the expression of *ZmWRKY106* was up-regulated. Following this result, we observed the phenotypes among WT and transgenic lines under 45 ◦C (Figure 6). The survival rates of transgenic and WT plants were 100% under normal conditions, while higher a survival rate was exhibited in OE lines than WT after heat treatment for 5 h. *ZmWRKY106*-overexpressing lines had a survival rate of more than 30%, compared to less than 20% for WT plants after heat treatment. This suggested that *ZmWRKY106* may improve thermotolerance of transgenic plants.

survival rates of transgenic and WT plants were 100% under normal conditions, while higher a survival rate was exhibited in OE lines than WT after heat treatment for 5 h. *ZmWRKY106* overexpressing lines had a survival rate of more than 30%, compared to less than 20% for WT plants

**Figure 6.** Survival rates of WT and *ZmWRKY106* transgenic lines under heat stress. Five-day-old seedlings were placed at 45 °C for 5 h and then resumed growth at 22 °C. The data represent the means ± SDs of three independent biological replicates. Asterisks (\*\*) represent the significant differences (*p* < 0.01) compared with the control (Student's *t*-test). **Figure 6.** Survival rates of WT and *ZmWRKY106* transgenic lines under heat stress. Five-day-old seedlings were placed at 45 ◦C for 5 h and then resumed growth at 22 ◦C. The data represent the means ± SDs of three independent biological replicates. Asterisks (\*\*) represent the significant differences (*p* < 0.01) compared with the control (Student's *t*-test).
