*4.1. Applying Citizen Science to the FEEDS Project*

In applying the Bridge Framework, FEEDS incorporates the Smart Framework's principles of integrating citizen science, community-based participatory research, and systems science for population health research [11]. Citizen science, in particular, has played an important role in the ecological sciences to collect data on a range of issues including wildlife movement patterns and climate change-related environmental hazards [13,14]. Citizen science, when combined with digital tools, has great potential to generate big data to address complex public health crises if citizens' data can be anonymized and applied by communities [11,40]. In addition to capturing environmental and health-related data (e.g., weather, permafrost degradation, fire hazards, human movement, etc.), the FEEDS Project uses a custom-built app to engage and enable citizens to report on environmental hazards, changes in biodiversity or wildlife, and related food and mental health issues in their communities [40]. Big data is relayed in real time to a digital dashboard, where citizens and decision-makers have access to valuable information which can be used to mitigate health-related risks of climate change [40].
