*2.4. Societal-Level Factors*

A fourth reason that may influence immigrants' LJMI is their formal or informal networks at the societal level and their capacity to mobilize these networks. Networks within ethnic enclaves are likely to assist skilled immigrants in finding a survival-level job immediately after arriving in Canada and managing their vital livelihood needs [68]. However, a study shows that networks within ethnic enclaves are rarely effective for skilled immigrants in finding desired employment respective to their skills and credentials [69]. Also, a tie to the host community may help skilled immigrants to get to know a common culture, norms of the host community, and available job opportunities. A lack of this knowledge, on the other hand, prevents newly arrived skilled immigrants from job opportunities and learning the expected standard of behaviour in their desired professions in Canada [70].
