*4.2. Lichen Collection and Preparation of Methanol Extracts*

The lichens *Dactylina arctica* (Central Siberia, Russia, July 1995; MAF-Lich 96262), *Nephromopsis stracheyi* (North Sikkim, India, August 2004; MAF-Lich 22748), *Tuckermannopsis americana* (Maine, USA, June 2010; MAF-Lich 19828) and *Vulpicida pinastri* (Alto del Peñón, Zamora, Spain, September 2017; MAF-Lich 22753) were identified and authenticated by Dr. P.K. Divakar and Professor A. Crespo and preserved in the Herbarium of the Faculty of Pharmacy (MAF), University Complutense of Madrid (Spain).

For the preparation of extracts, 2 mL of pure methanol was mixed with dry thalli samples (50 mg) and after being shaken for 20 s, every 15 min for 2 h, was left overnight. Methanol extracts were filtered (0.45 μm pore) and evaporated at room temperature. Dry residues were stored until their use.
