Okadaic Acid Meet and Greet: An Insight into Detection Methods, Response Strategies and Genotoxic Effects in  Marine Invertebrates

Prego-Faraldo, María Verónica; Valdiglesias, Vanessa; Méndez, Josefina; Eirín-López, José M.

doi:10.3390/md11082829

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Okadaic Acid Meet and Greet: An Insight into Detection Methods, Response Strategies and Genotoxic Effects in Marine Invertebrates

by

María Verónica Prego-Faraldo

¹,

Vanessa Valdiglesias

²,

Josefina Méndez

¹ and

José M. Eirín-López

^1,3,*

¹

XENOMAR Group, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of A Coruna, E15071 A Coruña, Spain

²

Toxicology Unit, Department of Psychobiology, University of A Coruña, E15071 A Coruña, Spain

³

Chromatin Structure and Evolution (CHROMEVOL) Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, North Miami, FL 33181, USA

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Mar. Drugs 2013, 11(8), 2829-2845; https://doi.org/10.3390/md11082829

Submission received: 10 July 2013 / Revised: 30 July 2013 / Accepted: 1 August 2013 / Published: 9 August 2013

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cytogenetic and Molecular Effects of Marine Compounds)

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Abstract

Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) constitute one of the most important sources of contamination in the oceans, producing high concentrations of potentially harmful biotoxins that are accumulated across the food chains. One such biotoxin, Okadaic Acid (OA), is produced by marine dinoflagellates and subsequently accumulated within the tissues of filtering marine organisms feeding on HABs, rapidly spreading to their predators in the food chain and eventually reaching human consumers causing Diarrhetic Shellfish Poisoning (DSP) syndrome. While numerous studies have thoroughly evaluated the effects of OA in mammals, the attention drawn to marine organisms in this regard has been scarce, even though they constitute primary targets for this biotoxin. With this in mind, the present work aimed to provide a timely and comprehensive insight into the current literature on the effect of OA in marine invertebrates, along with the strategies developed by these organisms to respond to its toxic effect together with the most important methods and techniques used for OA detection and evaluation.

Keywords: biotoxins; accumulation; depuration; food chain; diarrhetic shellfish poisoning; tumor; apoptosis; genome integrity

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MDPI and ACS Style

Prego-Faraldo, M.V.; Valdiglesias, V.; Méndez, J.; Eirín-López, J.M. Okadaic Acid Meet and Greet: An Insight into Detection Methods, Response Strategies and Genotoxic Effects in Marine Invertebrates. Mar. Drugs 2013, 11, 2829-2845. https://doi.org/10.3390/md11082829

AMA Style

Prego-Faraldo MV, Valdiglesias V, Méndez J, Eirín-López JM. Okadaic Acid Meet and Greet: An Insight into Detection Methods, Response Strategies and Genotoxic Effects in Marine Invertebrates. Marine Drugs. 2013; 11(8):2829-2845. https://doi.org/10.3390/md11082829

Chicago/Turabian Style

Prego-Faraldo, María Verónica, Vanessa Valdiglesias, Josefina Méndez, and José M. Eirín-López. 2013. "Okadaic Acid Meet and Greet: An Insight into Detection Methods, Response Strategies and Genotoxic Effects in Marine Invertebrates" Marine Drugs 11, no. 8: 2829-2845. https://doi.org/10.3390/md11082829

APA Style

Prego-Faraldo, M. V., Valdiglesias, V., Méndez, J., & Eirín-López, J. M. (2013). Okadaic Acid Meet and Greet: An Insight into Detection Methods, Response Strategies and Genotoxic Effects in Marine Invertebrates. Marine Drugs, 11(8), 2829-2845. https://doi.org/10.3390/md11082829

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Okadaic Acid Meet and Greet: An Insight into Detection Methods, Response Strategies and Genotoxic Effects in Marine Invertebrates

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