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Keywords = Articulavirales

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10 pages, 5103 KB  
Communication
Meta-Transcriptomic Identification of Divergent Amnoonviridae in Fish
by Olivia M. H. Turnbull, Ayda Susana Ortiz-Baez, John-Sebastian Eden, Mang Shi, Jane E. Williamson, Troy F. Gaston, Yong-Zhen Zhang, Edward C. Holmes and Jemma L. Geoghegan
Viruses 2020, 12(11), 1254; https://doi.org/10.3390/v12111254 - 4 Nov 2020
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 3862
Abstract
Tilapia lake virus (TiLV) has caused mass mortalities in farmed and wild tilapia with serious economic and ecological consequences. Until recently, this virus was the sole member of the Amnoonviridae, a family within the order Articulavirales comprising segmented negative-sense RNA viruses. We [...] Read more.
Tilapia lake virus (TiLV) has caused mass mortalities in farmed and wild tilapia with serious economic and ecological consequences. Until recently, this virus was the sole member of the Amnoonviridae, a family within the order Articulavirales comprising segmented negative-sense RNA viruses. We sought to identify additional viruses within the Amnoonviridae through total RNA sequencing (meta-transcriptomics) and data mining of published transcriptomes. Accordingly, we sampled marine fish species from both Australia and China and discovered several segments of two new viruses within the Amnoonviridae, tentatively called Flavolineata virus and Piscibus virus, respectively. In addition, by mining vertebrate transcriptome data, we identified nine additional virus transcripts matching to multiple genomic segments of TiLV in both marine and freshwater fish. These new viruses retained sequence conservation with the distantly related Orthomyxoviridae in the RdRp subunit PB1, but formed a distinct and diverse phylogenetic group. These data suggest that the Amnoonviridae have a broad host range within fish and that greater animal sampling will identify additional divergent members of the Articulavirales. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Animal Viruses)
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11 pages, 1713 KB  
Article
A Divergent Articulavirus in an Australian Gecko Identified Using Meta-Transcriptomics and Protein Structure Comparisons
by Ayda Susana Ortiz-Baez, John-Sebastian Eden, Craig Moritz and Edward C. Holmes
Viruses 2020, 12(6), 613; https://doi.org/10.3390/v12060613 - 4 Jun 2020
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 3635
Abstract
The discovery of highly divergent RNA viruses is compromised by their limited sequence similarity to known viruses. Evolutionary information obtained from protein structural modelling offers a powerful approach to detect distantly related viruses based on the conservation of tertiary structures in key proteins [...] Read more.
The discovery of highly divergent RNA viruses is compromised by their limited sequence similarity to known viruses. Evolutionary information obtained from protein structural modelling offers a powerful approach to detect distantly related viruses based on the conservation of tertiary structures in key proteins such as the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). We utilised a template-based approach for protein structure prediction from amino acid sequences to identify distant evolutionary relationships among viruses detected in meta-transcriptomic sequencing data from Australian wildlife. The best predicted protein structural model was compared with the results of similarity searches against protein databases. Using this combination of meta-transcriptomics and protein structure prediction we identified the RdRp (PB1) gene segment of a divergent negative-sense RNA virus, denoted Lauta virus (LTAV), in a native Australian gecko (Gehyra lauta). The presence of this virus was confirmed by PCR and Sanger sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that Lauta virus likely represents a newly described genus within the family Amnoonviridae, order Articulavirales, that is most closely related to the fish virus Tilapia tilapinevirus (TiLV). These findings provide important insights into the evolution of negative-sense RNA viruses and structural conservation of the viral replicase among members of the order Articulavirales. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Animal Viruses)
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18 pages, 2568 KB  
Article
Viromics Reveal a Number of Novel RNA Viruses in Swedish Mosquitoes
by Pontus Öhlund, Juliette Hayer, Hanna Lundén, Jenny C. Hesson and Anne-Lie Blomström
Viruses 2019, 11(11), 1027; https://doi.org/10.3390/v11111027 - 5 Nov 2019
Cited by 29 | Viewed by 7183
Abstract
Metagenomic studies of mosquitoes have revealed that their virome is far more diverse and includes many more viruses than just the pathogenic arboviruses vectored by mosquitoes. In this study, the virome of 953 female mosquitoes collected in the summer of 2017, representing six [...] Read more.
Metagenomic studies of mosquitoes have revealed that their virome is far more diverse and includes many more viruses than just the pathogenic arboviruses vectored by mosquitoes. In this study, the virome of 953 female mosquitoes collected in the summer of 2017, representing six mosquito species from two geographic locations in Mid-Eastern Sweden, were characterized. In addition, the near-complete genome of nine RNA viruses were characterized and phylogenetically analysed. These viruses showed association to the viral orders Bunyavirales, Picornavirales, Articulavirales, and Tymovirales, and to the realm Ribovira. Hence, through this study, we expand the knowledge of the virome composition of different mosquito species in Sweden. In addition, by providing viral reference genomes from wider geographic regions and different mosquito species, future in silico recognition and assembly of viral genomes in metagenomic datasets will be facilitated. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Viromics: Approaches, Advances, and Applications)
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