Search Results (5)

Hippophae rhamnoides L. is an ecologically and medicinally significant species widely distributed across Eurasia, the suitable habitat of H. rhamnoides subsp. sinensis (is hereinafter referred to as sinensis) is concentrated in Northwest and Southwest China (approximately 34–40° N, 100–115° E). H. rhamnoides subsp. yunnanensis (hereinafter referred to as yunnanensis) is mainly distributed in the Hengduan Mountains and surrounding areas (approximately 25–30° N, 98–103° E). H. rhamnoides subsp. mongolica (hereinafter referred to as mongolica) is native to Central Asia to Siberia and is mainly distributed in Northern Xinjiang and Western Inner Mongolia in China (approximately 40–50° N, 100–120° E). H. rhamnoides subsp. turkestanica (hereinafter referred to as turkestanica) is mainly distributed in Western Xinjiang (approximately 40–45° N, 70–85° E). Climate change poses a considerable challenge, affecting its distribution and leading to shifts in its habitat ranges. This study applies the MaxEnt model to assess climate-driven distribution patterns of Hippophae species in China, and predicts current and future suitable habitats under climate change scenarios. This study employs the MaxEnt model and ArcGIS to simulate the potential distribution of four subspecies of H. rhamnoides during the current period and future projections under scenarios SSP1–2.6 and SSP5–8.5. The analysis reveals that the distributions of sinensis, mongolica, yunnanensis, and turkestanica are influenced primarily by climate variables such as temperature and precipitation, while yunnanensis is predominantly restricted by altitude. Future projections indicate that under the extreme climate of SSP5–8.5, centroid migration will be disrupted; specifically, sinensis is expected to migrate northeast or oscillate, mongolica will expand southwest but be limited by desert steppe zones, and turkestanica may face risks associated with groundwater depletion. This study advocates for integrating climate, ecological, and genetic data into conservation planning, with an emphasis on groundwater restoration and exploring genetic resources for stress resilience. The insights offered here contribute significantly to understanding climate adaptation mechanisms in arid and mountainous ecosystems and guide biodiversity conservation efforts. Full article

Alcohol has been demonstrated to disrupt intestinal barrier integrity. Some flavonoid compounds that exert antioxidant activity have a protective effect on intestinal barrier function. As an important medicinal and edible plant, sea buckthorn (Hippophae) seeds are rich in flavonoids, but their protective effect on the intestinal barrier has not been reported. In our research, 76 kinds of flavonoids were identified in Hippophae rhamnoides ssp. sinensis seed residue flavonoids (HRSF) by ultra-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside, kaempferol-3-O-robinoside-7-O-rhamnoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-2G-rhamnosylrutinoside, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, (−)-epigallocatechin, and B type of procyanidin were the most abundant substances, accounting for 15.276%, 15.128%, 18.328%, 10.904%, 4.596%, 5.082%, and 10.079% of all identified flavonoids, respectively. Meanwhile, pre-treatment with HRSF was able to prevent alcohol-induced disruption of intestinal barrier integrity through elevating the transepithelial monolayer resistance value, inhibiting the flux of fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran, and upregulating the mRNA and protein level of TJs (occludin and ZO-1). Furthermore, it was also able to reverse alcohol-induced oxidative stress through suppressing the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde, improving the glutathione level and superoxide dismutase activity. Finally, the results showed that HRSF pre-treatment effectively elevated the erythroid-related factor 2 mRNA and protein level compared with the alcohol-alone treatment group. Our research was the first to demonstrate that HRSF could prevent alcohol-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction through regulating the Nrf2-mediated pathway in order to attenuate oxidative stress and enhance TJ expression. Full article

Due to its unique flavor and high antioxidant content, the sea buckthorn (genus Hippophae L.) fruit is increasingly favored by consumers. Developing from the perianth tube, the sea buckthorn fruit varies greatly among species in both size and shape. However, the cellular regulation mechanism of sea buckthorn fruit morphogenesis remains unclear. This study presents the growth and development patterns, morphological changes, and cytological observations of the fruits of three Hippophae species (H. rhamnoides ssp. sinensis, H. neurocarpa, and H. goniocarpa). The fruits were monitored every 10–30 days after anthesis (DAA) for six periods in their natural population on the eastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China. The results showed that the fruits of H. rhamnoides ssp. sinensis and H. goniocarpa grew in a sigmoid mode, while H. neurocarpa grew in an exponential mode under the complex regulation of cell division and cell expansion. In addition, cellular observations showed that the mesocarp cells of H. rhamnoides ssp. sinensis and H. goniocarpa were larger in the area with prolonged cell expansion activity, while H. neurocarpa had a higher cell division rate. Elongation and proliferation of the mesocarp cells were found to be essential factors affecting the formation of fruit morphology. Finally, we established a preliminary cellular scenario for fruit morphogenesis in the three species of sea buckthorn. Fruit development could be divided into a cell division phase and a cell expansion phase with an overlap between 10 and 30 DAA. In particular, the two phases in H. neurocarpa showed an additional overlap between 40 and 80 DAA. The description of the sea buckthorn fruit’s transformation and its temporal order may provide a theoretical basis to explore the growth mechanism of fruits and regulate their size through certain cultivation techniques. Full article

The Qinghai–Tibet Plateau is the main production area of Hippophae rhamnoides ssp. sinensis (Rha) and H. tibetana (Tib), but studies on the types and contents of soluble sugars, organic acids, free phenolics, bound phenolics, vitamin C (V_C), tocopherol (V_E) and carotenoids of the two sea buckthorn berries from this region have not been reported. In this paper, we found that the soluble sugars in Rha and Tib were mainly glucose and fructose; Rha exhibited a higher content of total sugar and fructose compared to Tib. The organic acids were mainly quinic acid and malic acid; Rha exhibited a higher content of total acids and quinic acid, but lower tartaric acid and citric acid compared to Tib. Rha also possessed a higher total (free and bound) phenolic as well as total (free and bound) flavonoid content than those in Tib; twelve phenolic compounds were analyzed, among which flavonols were dominant. Catechin, isorhamnetin and quercetin were the main phenolic substances. V_C and V_E (γ-tocopherol (γ-V_E) and δ-tocopherol (δ-V_E)) were higher in Rha than Tib. The total carotenoid, lutein, β-carotene and lycopene content of Tib was remarkably higher than that in Rha. Moreover, both Rha and Tib showed good in vitro and cellular antioxidant activities, and Rha had a stronger antioxidant activity. Taken together, Rha had a higher antioxidant activity, which may be due to its higher content of phenolics, flavonoids, V_C and V_E. Full article

Hippophae rhamnoides widely known as sea buckthorn berries (SB) are rich in vitamins and phytonutrients. The subspecies ssp. sinensis and ssp. mongolica are highly valued for their medicinal properties and vitamin contents, hence domesticated widely across Eurasia and Southeast Asia. Due to the frequent usage of these two subspecies, accurate identification is required to prevent economically motivated adulteration. In this study, we report the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) based molecular markers to easily distinguish these two subspecies at 45S nrDNA region. From the determined 45S rDNA region, we designed two primers (5′ sinensis and 5′ mongolica) and developed a multiplex PCR profile. The developed primers effectively distinguished the sea buckthorn subspecies in commercial products as well. Along with the development of subspecies specific primers, we have profiled vitamin contents from H. rhamnoides ssp. sinensis and ssp. mongolica and found ascorbic acid and riboflavin contents were high in both ssp. sinensis and spp. mongolica, yet the content of folic acid was high only in ssp. mongolica. Thus, we provide species specific primers and vitamin profile as an effective authentication of H. rhamnoides. Full article