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2 pages, 162 KB  
Correction
Correction: Chen et al. Scoring Individual Moral Inclination for the CNI Test. Stats 2024, 7, 894–905
by Yi Chen, Benjamin Lugu, Wenchao Ma and Hyemin Han
Stats 2025, 8(4), 88; https://doi.org/10.3390/stats8040088 - 28 Sep 2025
Viewed by 123
Abstract
Error in Table [...] Full article
29 pages, 481 KB  
Article
The Impact of Ethical Leadership on Employee Green Behaviors: A Study of Academic Institutions in the UAE
by Abdelaziz Abdalla Alowais and Abubakr Suliman
Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(10), 376; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15100376 - 25 Sep 2025
Viewed by 582
Abstract
This study explores the role of ethical leadership in fostering employee green behaviors (EGBs) within higher education institutions (HEIs) in the UAE. While environmental initiatives are increasingly being integrated into university operations, there has been limited empirical research examining how leadership styles influence [...] Read more.
This study explores the role of ethical leadership in fostering employee green behaviors (EGBs) within higher education institutions (HEIs) in the UAE. While environmental initiatives are increasingly being integrated into university operations, there has been limited empirical research examining how leadership styles influence pro-environmental behaviors among academic staff. Using a mixed-methods sequential explanatory design, our study surveyed 105 HEI employees and conducted in-depth interviews with 6 of the participants. The quantitative findings reveal a moderate but significant positive correlation between ethical leadership (EL) and EGB (ρ = 0.314, p < 0.001). The reliability scores for both EL (α = 0.888) and EGB (α = 0.754) confirmed the internal consistency of the measurement items used. The qualitative insights support the theoretical foundation drawn from Social Learning, Value–Belief–Norm, and Environmental Stewardship Theories. Employees reported modeling their green behaviors on observable leadership actions aligning with their shared moral values. A key distinction emerged between authentic and performative green behaviors, with employees responding more positively to leaders who modeled consistency and sincerity. This study concludes that ethical leadership significantly influences the environmental culture in HEIs by embedding sustainability into daily practices and institutional values. This research addresses a regional and theoretical gap, contextualizing ethical leadership in the Middle Eastern academic setting and offering practical implications for leadership development, policy alignment, and sustainable cultural transformation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Leadership)
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19 pages, 702 KB  
Article
Exploring the Relation Between Nursing Workload and Moral Distress, Burnout, and Turnover in Latvian Intensive Care Units: An Ecological Analysis of Parallel Data
by Olga Cerela-Boltunova and Inga Millere
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2025, 22(9), 1442; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22091442 - 17 Sep 2025
Viewed by 548
Abstract
Latvia faces one of the lowest nurse-to-population ratios in the EU, resulting in critical staff shortages in intensive care units (ICUs). Nurses frequently care for more patients than recommended, which not only compromises patient safety but also places heavy psycho-emotional burdens on staff. [...] Read more.
Latvia faces one of the lowest nurse-to-population ratios in the EU, resulting in critical staff shortages in intensive care units (ICUs). Nurses frequently care for more patients than recommended, which not only compromises patient safety but also places heavy psycho-emotional burdens on staff. The aim of this study was to examine organizational-level relationships between objectively measured ICU nursing workload and subjectively reported psycho-emotional outcomes, including moral distress, burnout, and intention to leave one’s job. A secondary analysis combined data from two cross-sectional studies conducted in 2025. Workload was measured using 3420 Nursing Activities Score (NAS) protocols from three hospitals, while 155 ICU nurses from 16 units completed validated instruments assessing moral distress, burnout, and turnover intentions. The findings revealed persistent nurse shortages, with one ICU showing deficits exceeding 70% and mean NASs above 100 points per nurse per shift. Nurses reported moderate moral distress, particularly in situations of unsafe patient ratios and aggressive treatment, while burnout levels were moderate to high, especially in personal and work-related dimensions. About one-quarter of respondents were actively considering leaving their jobs. Moral distress significantly correlated with burnout (r = 0.357, p < 0.001), and organizational-level comparison indicated that higher workload was associated with greater emotional strain. These results not only highlight urgent national challenges but also resonate with international evidence on the link between unsafe staffing, moral distress, and workforce sustainability. Implementing systematic workload monitoring, safe staffing ratios, and structured support mechanisms is essential to safeguard ICU nurses’ well-being, reduce turnover, and protect patient safety in both Latvian and global contexts. Full article
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17 pages, 957 KB  
Article
Effects of Moral Elevation on Children’s Implicit and Explicit Prosociality: Evidence from Behavioral and Physiological Responses
by Qin Wang, Xia Zhou and Lei Xun
Behav. Sci. 2025, 15(9), 1246; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs15091246 - 12 Sep 2025
Viewed by 505
Abstract
This study investigated how moral elevation affects children’s prosocial behavior through two experiments. In Experiment 1 (n = 99; Mage = 10.48 ± 0.86 years), children were randomly assigned to Moral Elevation, Joy, or Neutral groups. Psychophysiological measures were recorded during [...] Read more.
This study investigated how moral elevation affects children’s prosocial behavior through two experiments. In Experiment 1 (n = 99; Mage = 10.48 ± 0.86 years), children were randomly assigned to Moral Elevation, Joy, or Neutral groups. Psychophysiological measures were recorded during both the baseline and task phases, while self-reported prosocial behavior was assessed using validated scales. Participants in the Moral Elevation group experienced emotional states marked by inspired, moved, touched, admiration, and uplifted, accompanied by a distinct pattern of sympathetic–parasympathetic coactivation. Although not statistically significant in self-reported measures, a notable pattern emerged wherein Moral Elevation yielded the highest prosocial scores, followed by Joy and then Neutral conditions. Experiment 2 (n = 92; Mage = 10.84 ± 0.76 years) employed a single-category Implicit Association Test (IAT) to assess prosocial behavioral tendencies. The Moral Elevation group exhibited a significantly stronger implicit prosocial bias on the IAT compared to both Joy and Neutral groups. These findings suggest that moral elevation possesses a unique emotional profile separate from general positive affect that activates dual dissociable pathways for children’s prosocial behavior: explicit and implicit processes. The study provides empirical support for incorporating moral elevation interventions in educational settings to cultivate integrated prosocial development. Full article
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13 pages, 610 KB  
Article
Burnout and Moral Injury in Healthcare Workers: An Observational Study in a Romanian Chronic Care Hospital
by Enășoni Sorina, Szekely Diana, Raluca Mioara Cosoroabă, Flavia Zara, Dorin Novacescu, Cristina Stefania Dumitru, Raul Patrascu and Alexandra Enache
Healthcare 2025, 13(18), 2278; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13182278 - 12 Sep 2025
Viewed by 387
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Healthcare workers in chronic care hospitals are vulnerable to psychosocial risks such as burnout and moral injury due to prolonged patient exposure and limited institutional support. This study assessed the prevalence of burnout and moral injury among staff at the Chronic Diseases [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Healthcare workers in chronic care hospitals are vulnerable to psychosocial risks such as burnout and moral injury due to prolonged patient exposure and limited institutional support. This study assessed the prevalence of burnout and moral injury among staff at the Chronic Diseases Hospital of Sebiș, Romania, and examined their associations with perceived stress and managerial support. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between October 2022 and October 2024, including 62 healthcare workers (physicians, nurses, and auxiliary staff). Participants completed a sociodemographic survey, the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), the Moral Injury Symptom Scale-Health Professional (MISS-HP), and additional items on perceived stress and institutional support. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, group comparisons, correlation matrices, and logistic regression. Results: High emotional exhaustion (MBI-EE ≥ 27) was reported by 45.2% of participants, with the highest rates among nurses (50%) and auxiliary staff (45.5%). Mean moral injury scores were moderate (mean = 5.3), with elevated levels observed in nurses and auxiliary staff. Pearson correlation analysis revealed no strong linear associations between burnout dimensions and moral injury. Logistic regression did not identify emotional exhaustion, perceived stress, or support as significant predictors of high moral injury. Conclusions: Burnout and moral injury are prevalent but appear to be partially dissociated in this Romanian chronic care setting. Moral injury may arise from contextual ethical pressures beyond general occupational strain. Interventions should focus on ethical climate, institutional responsiveness, and peer-based moral support to enhance staff resilience. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Occupational Stress and Burnout in Healthcare Workers)
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12 pages, 394 KB  
Article
Cognitive Function and Subjective Well-Being in Japanese Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study
by Baoxing Li, Tianshu Chu, Ziming Gong, Le Tian and Hiro Kishimoto
Geriatrics 2025, 10(5), 120; https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics10050120 - 6 Sep 2025
Viewed by 1024
Abstract
Background: The relationship between mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and subjective well-being remains poorly understood. We examined associations between cognitive function and well-being domains in community-dwelling older Japanese adults with and without MCI. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of 710 community-dwelling [...] Read more.
Background: The relationship between mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and subjective well-being remains poorly understood. We examined associations between cognitive function and well-being domains in community-dwelling older Japanese adults with and without MCI. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of 710 community-dwelling Japanese adults aged 65–75 years was carried out. Well-being was measured using the Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale (PGCMS score ≥ 13 indicates high well-being), comprising agitation, attitude toward aging, and lonely dissatisfaction subscales. MCI was defined as a Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score of 18–25. Multivariable logistic regression examined potential associations between socio-demographic and health factors. Results: Among the participants (mean age 70.0 ± 2.5 years, 49% women), 423 (59.6%) had MCI. The MCI status was not associated with overall well-being (OR 1.06, 95% CI: 0.72–1.57, p = 0.77). However, within the MCI group, each 1-point increase in the MoCA score was associated with lower agitation (OR 1.21, 95% CI: 1.04–1.41) but higher lonely dissatisfaction (OR 0.83, 95% CI: 0.70–0.98, p = 0.02). No associations were observed in the non-MCI group. Conclusions: Cognitive function shows domain-specific rather than global associations with well-being in individuals with MCI. Full article
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25 pages, 380 KB  
Article
Moral Distress, Professional Burnout, and Potential Staff Turnover in Intensive Care Nursing Practice in Latvia—Phase 1
by Olga Cerela-Boltunova, Inga Millere and Evija Nagle
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2025, 22(8), 1261; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22081261 - 12 Aug 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1460
Abstract
Burnout and moral distress are increasingly recognized as critical challenges within healthcare systems, particularly in high-stress environments such as intensive care units (ICUs). This cross-sectional study investigates the prevalence and interrelationships of moral distress, burnout, and turnover intentions among ICU nurses in Latvia, [...] Read more.
Burnout and moral distress are increasingly recognized as critical challenges within healthcare systems, particularly in high-stress environments such as intensive care units (ICUs). This cross-sectional study investigates the prevalence and interrelationships of moral distress, burnout, and turnover intentions among ICU nurses in Latvia, a country facing significant nursing shortages and structural workforce challenges. A total of 155 ICU nurses completed validated instruments assessing moral distress, the three subscales of burnout (personal, work-related, and client-related), and intentions to leave the profession. The results indicate that 68.2% of respondents experienced moderate to high levels of moral distress, especially related to providing aggressive treatment contrary to clinical judgment. Burnout scores were highest in the personal and work-related dimensions, with emotional exhaustion strongly correlated with moral distress. Approximately 30% of participants reported active intentions to leave their positions. Regression and mediation analyses confirmed that moral distress significantly predicted both burnout and turnover intentions, with burnout partially mediating this relationship. These findings highlight urgent risks not only to nurse well-being but also to healthcare quality and sustainability. This study underscores the importance of systemic interventions, including structured workload assessment tools, psychological support, and ethical consultation services. The results contribute to the international literature and offer context-specific insights for workforce resilience in Eastern European health systems. Full article
14 pages, 649 KB  
Article
Investigating the Moderating Effect of Attitudes Toward One’s Own Aging on the Association Between Body Mass Index and Executive Function in Older Adults
by Akihiko Iwahara, Taketoshi Hatta, Reiko Nakayama, Takashi Miyawaki, Seiji Sakate, Junko Hatta and Takeshi Hatta
Geriatrics 2025, 10(4), 105; https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics10040105 - 6 Aug 2025
Viewed by 455
Abstract
Background: This cross-sectional study examined the association between body mass index (BMI) and executive function (EF) in older adults, with a focus on the moderating role of attitudes toward own aging (ATOA). Method: A total of 431 community-dwelling elderly individuals from Yakumo Town [...] Read more.
Background: This cross-sectional study examined the association between body mass index (BMI) and executive function (EF) in older adults, with a focus on the moderating role of attitudes toward own aging (ATOA). Method: A total of 431 community-dwelling elderly individuals from Yakumo Town and Kyoto City, Japan, participated between 2023 and 2024. EF was assessed using the Digit Cancellation Test (D-CAT), and ATOA was measured via a validated subscale of the Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale. Results: Multiple linear regression analyses adjusted for demographic and health covariates revealed a significant interaction between BMI and ATOA in the younger-old cohort. Specifically, higher BMI was associated with lower executive function only in individuals with lower ATOA scores. No such association was observed in those with more positive views on aging. Conclusions: These results indicate that positive psychological constructs, particularly favorable self-perceptions of aging, may serve as protective factors against the detrimental cognitive consequences of increased body mass index in younger-old populations. Full article
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19 pages, 357 KB  
Article
Resilience and Mobbing Among Nurses in Emergency Departments: A Cross-Sectional Study
by Aristotelis Koinis, Ioanna V. Papathanasiou, Ioannis Moisoglou, Ioannis Kouroutzis, Vasileios Tzenetidis, Dimitra Anagnostopoulou, Pavlos Sarafis and Maria Malliarou
Healthcare 2025, 13(15), 1908; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13151908 - 5 Aug 2025
Viewed by 673
Abstract
Background: Moral harassment (mobbing) in healthcare, particularly among nurses, remains a persistent issue with detrimental effects on mental health, resilience, and quality of life. Aim: We examine the relationship between the resilience of nurses working in Emergency Departments (EDs) and how these factors [...] Read more.
Background: Moral harassment (mobbing) in healthcare, particularly among nurses, remains a persistent issue with detrimental effects on mental health, resilience, and quality of life. Aim: We examine the relationship between the resilience of nurses working in Emergency Departments (EDs) and how these factors influence experiences of workplace mobbing. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 90 nurses from four public hospitals in Greece’s 5th Health District. Data were collected between October 2023 and March 2024 using the WHOQOL-BREF, Workplace Psychologically Violent Behaviors (WPVB) scale and the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). The sample consisted primarily of full-time nurses (84.3% female; mean age = 43.1 years), with 21.1% reporting chronic conditions. Most participants were married (80.0%) and had children (74.4%), typically two (56.1%). Statistical analyses—conducted using SPSS version 27.0—included descriptive statistics, Pearson and Spearman correlations, multiple linear regression, and mediation analysis, with significance set at p < 0.05. Results: Resilience was moderate (mean = 66.38%; Cronbach’s α = 0.93) and positively correlated with all WHOQOL-BREF domains—physical, psychological, social, and environmental (r = 0.30–0.40)—but not with the overall WHOQOL-BREF. The mean overall WHOQOL-BREF score was 68.4%, with the lowest scores observed in the environmental domain (mean = 53.76%). Workplace mobbing levels were low to moderate (mean WPVB score = 17.87), with subscale reliabilities ranging from α = 0.78 to 0.95. Mobbing was negatively associated with social relationships and the environmental WHOQOL-BREF (ρ = –0.23 to –0.33). Regression analysis showed that cohabitation and higher resilience significantly predicted better WHOQOL-BREF outcomes, whereas mobbing was not a significant predictor. Mediation analysis (bootstrap N = 5000) indicated no significant indirect effect of resilience in the relationship between mobbing and WHOQOL-BREF. Conclusions: Resilience was identified as a key protective factor for nurses’ quality of life in emergency care settings. Although workplace mobbing was present at low-to-moderate levels, it was negatively associated with specific WHOQOL-BREF domains. Enhancing mental resilience among nurses may serve as a valuable strategy to mitigate the psychological effects of moral harassment in healthcare environments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Health and Social Care Policy—2nd Edition)
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12 pages, 547 KB  
Proceeding Paper
“Animals Are My Friends”: Exploring the Relationship Between Animal Companionship in Childhood and Moral Concerns in Adulthood
by Léa Berger-Meunier, David S. Smith, Nathalie Marec-Breton and Nathalie Bonneton-Botté
Biol. Life Sci. Forum 2025, 45(1), 2; https://doi.org/10.3390/blsf2025045002 - 29 Jul 2025
Viewed by 613
Abstract
Research on human–animal relationships suggests that close bonds with animals can enhance empathy, reduce speciesism, and improve human physical and psychological health. This study investigated whether pet ownership—particularly attachment to a companion animal during childhood—is associated with differences in moral concerns toward all [...] Read more.
Research on human–animal relationships suggests that close bonds with animals can enhance empathy, reduce speciesism, and improve human physical and psychological health. This study investigated whether pet ownership—particularly attachment to a companion animal during childhood—is associated with differences in moral concerns toward all animals in adulthood. It also aimed to explore the potential effects of empathy and speciesism on overall moral concerns toward animals. Using self-report questionnaires among 72 participants recruited online, the analyses revealed a significant effect of animal categories on moral concerns, F(1, 1.98) = 59.37, p < 0.001. Mean moral concern scores were significantly higher for companion animals (M = 6.04, SD = 1.15) than for food animals (M = 4.90, SD = 1.44), unappealing wild animals (M = 4.20, SD = 1.87), and appealing wild animals (M = 5.73, SD = 1.32), p < 0.05. Additionally, childhood pet owners reported greater moral concerns for all animals, F(1, 1.98) = 4.87, η2 = 0.065, p < 0.05. Attachment to a companion animal in childhood was positively correlated with moral concerns for all animal categories. Finally, although attachment and empathy were both positively related to moral concern, only attachment was a significant predictor (p < 0.05). Further research is needed to understand the psychological mechanisms influencing views on animal rights and welfare. Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 3rd International Electronic Conference on Animals)
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24 pages, 4383 KB  
Article
Predicting Employee Attrition: XAI-Powered Models for Managerial Decision-Making
by İrem Tanyıldızı Baydili and Burak Tasci
Systems 2025, 13(7), 583; https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13070583 - 15 Jul 2025
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2333
Abstract
Background: Employee turnover poses a multi-faceted challenge to organizations by undermining productivity, morale, and financial stability while rendering recruitment, onboarding, and training investments wasteful. Traditional machine learning approaches often struggle with class imbalance and lack transparency, limiting actionable insights. This study introduces an [...] Read more.
Background: Employee turnover poses a multi-faceted challenge to organizations by undermining productivity, morale, and financial stability while rendering recruitment, onboarding, and training investments wasteful. Traditional machine learning approaches often struggle with class imbalance and lack transparency, limiting actionable insights. This study introduces an Explainable AI (XAI) framework to achieve both high predictive accuracy and interpretability in turnover forecasting. Methods: Two publicly available HR datasets (IBM HR Analytics, Kaggle HR Analytics) were preprocessed with label encoding and MinMax scaling. Class imbalance was addressed via GAN-based synthetic data generation. A three-layer Transformer encoder performed binary classification, and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis provided both global and local feature attributions. Model performance was evaluated using accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, and ROC AUC metrics. Results: On the IBM dataset, the Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) Transformer model achieved 92.00% accuracy, 96.67% precision, 87.00% recall, 91.58% F1, and 96.32% ROC AUC. On the Kaggle dataset, it reached 96.95% accuracy, 97.28% precision, 96.60% recall, 96.94% F1, and 99.15% ROC AUC, substantially outperforming classical resampling methods (ROS, SMOTE, ADASYN) and recent literature benchmarks. SHAP explanations highlighted JobSatisfaction, Age, and YearsWithCurrManager as top predictors in IBM and number project, satisfaction level, and time spend company in Kaggle. Conclusion: The proposed GAN Transformer SHAP pipeline delivers state-of-the-art turnover prediction while furnishing transparent, actionable insights for HR decision-makers. Future work should validate generalizability across diverse industries and develop lightweight, real-time implementations. Full article
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20 pages, 918 KB  
Article
Moral Judgment with a Large Language Model-Based Agent
by Shuchu Xiong, Haozhan Gu, Wei Liang and Lu Yin
Electronics 2025, 14(13), 2580; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics14132580 - 26 Jun 2025
Viewed by 922
Abstract
The ethical reasoning capability of large language models (LLMs) directly impacts their societal applicability, and enhancing this capacity is critical for developing trustworthy and secure artificial intelligence (AI) systems. The existing moral judgment methods based on LLMs rely on a single cognitive theory [...] Read more.
The ethical reasoning capability of large language models (LLMs) directly impacts their societal applicability, and enhancing this capacity is critical for developing trustworthy and secure artificial intelligence (AI) systems. The existing moral judgment methods based on LLMs rely on a single cognitive theory and lack an information aggregation and transmission mechanism, which affects the accuracy and stability of moral judgment. In this paper, we propose MoralAgent, an agentic approach that utilizes LLMs for moral judgment. First, the moral judgment process is planned based on various moral judgment theories. Second, the four dynamic prompt templates and the memory module are designed, and the moral principle is constructed to assist the analysis. Finally, the memory module is coordinated with the dynamic prompt template to optimize data transmission efficiency. This method significantly outperforms three types of traditional methods on the MoralExceptQA dataset. Compared to the two existing categories of methods based on LLMs, the F1 score of the proposed method is at least 4.13% higher, with slightly lower variance. Extensive experiments and evaluation metrics demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, and sample analysis shows how the judgment process works to ensure that the results are reliable. Full article
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27 pages, 316 KB  
Article
Hearing Written Magic in Harry Potter Films: Insights into Power and Truth in the Scoring for In-World Written Words
by Jamie Lynn Webster
Humanities 2025, 14(6), 125; https://doi.org/10.3390/h14060125 - 10 Jun 2025
Viewed by 2409
Abstract
This paper explores how sound design in the Harry Potter film series shapes the symbolic significance of written words within the magical world. Sound mediates between language and meaning; while characters gain knowledge by reading and seeing, viewers are guided emotionally and thematically [...] Read more.
This paper explores how sound design in the Harry Potter film series shapes the symbolic significance of written words within the magical world. Sound mediates between language and meaning; while characters gain knowledge by reading and seeing, viewers are guided emotionally and thematically by how these written texts are framed through sound. For example, Harry’s magical identity is signalled to viewers through the score long before he fully understands himself—first through music when he speaks to a snake, then more explicitly when he receives his letter from Hogwarts. Throughout the series, characters engage with a wide array of written media—textbooks, letters, newspapers, diaries, maps, and inscriptions—that gradually shift in narrative function, from static props to dynamic, multi-sensory agents of transformation. Using a close analysis of selected scenes to examine layers of utterances, diegetic sounds, underscore, and sound design, this study draws on metaphor theory and adaptation theory to examine how sound design gives writing a metaphorical voice, sometimes framing it as character, landscape, or moral authority. As the series progresses, becoming more autonomous from the literary source, written words take on greater symbolic significance, and sound increasingly determines which texts are granted narrative power, whose voices are trusted, and how viewers interpret truth and agency across media. Ultimately, written words in the films are animated through sound into agents of growth, memory, resistance, and transformation. Thus, the audio-visual treatment of written magic reveals not just what is written, but what matters. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Music and the Written Word)
16 pages, 254 KB  
Article
Principled Faithfulness: A Measure of Moral Reasons for Fidelity and Its Associations with the Tendency to Engage in Extramarital Relationships, Moral Emotions and Emotion Regulation
by Carmen Gabriela Lișman and Andrei Corneliu Holman
Soc. Sci. 2025, 14(2), 81; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci14020081 - 31 Jan 2025
Viewed by 3991
Abstract
The prevalence of infidelity is high, although it can have destructive impacts on marital relationships. Most past research has focused on utilitarian concerns against extramarital behavior, analyzing the motivational forces that either deter or foster infidelity as a function of the rewards and [...] Read more.
The prevalence of infidelity is high, although it can have destructive impacts on marital relationships. Most past research has focused on utilitarian concerns against extramarital behavior, analyzing the motivational forces that either deter or foster infidelity as a function of the rewards and costs that unfaithful behavior would involve for the individual. The present research (total N = 1067 Romanian married participants) aimed to highlight the intrinsic moral concerns that deter infidelity in marital relationships by applying the general framework of the Moral Foundations Theory (MFT). The first study developed a measure of the moral reasons for fidelity and examined its dimensions and psychometric properties. The second study investigated its factorial validity and its relationships with the actual tendency to engage in unfaithful behaviors, the intensity of moral emotions toward infidelity, and the use of different emotion regulation strategies. Overall, the results suggest four types of moral reasons for fidelity: heeding rules, reciprocal ownership, loyalty, and decency and nonmaleficence, and the new scale emerged as having satisfactory psychometric proprieties. Higher scores were positively associated with moral disgust, anger, and contempt toward unfaithful marital partners and compassion toward their spouses, as well as cognitive reappraisal and endorsement of the five moral domains described by MFT. Also, married individuals scoring higher on this measure were also found to have a lower propensity toward infidelity. These findings pinpoint a fine-grained outline of the moral underpinnings of fidelity and indicate their potential relevance for the actual tendency to engage in extramarital relations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Understanding Marriage in the Twenty-First Century)
14 pages, 252 KB  
Article
Psycho-Somatic Evolution of Patients with Multiple Traumatic Injuries
by Mihaela Anghele, Virginia Marina, Cosmina Alina Moscu, Aurelian-Dumitrache Anghele and Liliana Dragomir
Clin. Pract. 2024, 14(6), 2419-2432; https://doi.org/10.3390/clinpract14060189 - 11 Nov 2024
Viewed by 1257
Abstract
Background and Objective: In this study, we aimed to identify the factors that could impact the Stress-Related Growth Scale (SRGS) questionnaire administered to patients. Materials and Methods: Participants were asked to complete a written SRGS questionnaire (a translated and approved version in Romania) [...] Read more.
Background and Objective: In this study, we aimed to identify the factors that could impact the Stress-Related Growth Scale (SRGS) questionnaire administered to patients. Materials and Methods: Participants were asked to complete a written SRGS questionnaire (a translated and approved version in Romania) at varying time intervals relative to the traumatic event. The questionnaire was developed in accordance with legal regulations of the World Health Organization and the European Union for research involving human subjects for medical purposes. It took approximately 15 min to complete. The questionnaire was filled out by the patient or their legal guardian/parent for minors between January 2021 and January 2022. Results: The findings revealed the individual dimensions in the context of the traumatic impact, and the subsequent conclusions could be applied to a larger group with similar traumatic experiences. It is recognized that psychosomatic pathologies can hinder posttraumatic rehabilitation, leading to slower and more challenging recovery. Conclusions: Posttraumatic stress disorder often manifests as chronic development of symptoms characterized by reexperiencing traumatic scenes, avoidance behaviors, negative alterations in cognition, and heightened arousal. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a prevalent, persistent, and psychologically debilitating syndrome that can significantly impair an individual’s ability to cope with life. The etiology and manifestation of this disorder present numerous challenges due to the complexity of defining and diagnosing these conditions. The distribution of men and women affected by posttraumatic stress disorder varies across different sources and cannot be simplified into one explanation. While sex distribution is an important factor, it is not the sole determinant for understanding the various aspects of these disorders. The diversity of stressors has been shown to correlate with changes in SRGS scores, including subtle emotions like shame and guilt, which contribute to the moral injury resulting from trauma. Full article
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