Search Results (2,684)

Impulsive purchasing behavior among university students has gained increased attention in the context of digital consumption settings; however, much of the existing research is product-specific and quantitative, leaving the subjective nuances of this phenomenon underexplored. This study investigates how college students perceive and explain their impulsive purchase behavior across various product categories and platforms, using qualitative data from focus groups (n = 72). By revealing the prevalence of key patterns—interest-aligned, emotional relief, hedonistic lifestyle, social influence, inquisitive reviewer, presentation appeal, and controlled purchase—this research uncovers the underlying identity-affirming practices, internal emotional negotiations, and external sociotechnical cues that shape such behavior. Ultimately, it reframes impulsive buying as a socially embedded, identity-driven act rather than an act of irrationality. These findings advance our understanding of consumer psychology by emphasizing the lived experiences and self-construction processes of young consumers navigating media-saturated, algorithmically curated purchasing environments. Full article

This study evaluated emergency preparedness, covering knowledge, challenges, and culturally and linguistically appropriate resources among five resettled refugee communities in Central Ohio: Afghan, Bhutanese, Congolese, Ethiopian/Eritrean, and Somali. It also explored youth perceptions of community engagement and the effectiveness of current crisis support initiatives. A mixed-methods approach was used, consisting of a cross-sectional quantitative survey of 266 adults and a qualitative 60-min focus group discussion with 10 youth from the resettled communities. Quantitative data was analyzed with descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests assessing differences in preparedness across communities. Quantitative findings showed that the Bhutanese group reported the highest familiarity with preparedness concepts (33.3%), while Afghan and Congolese communities showed significant gaps. Of the 266 overall respondents, only 39.5% had an emergency plan, and 15.8% felt extremely confident in handling emergencies. Language barriers were major challenges, along with those related to race and ethnic identity, religious practices, and cultural norms. Effective platforms for engagement included community meetings, religious sites, and social media, with text messages and phone calls preferred for emergency communication. Youth discussion highlighted key public health concerns, particularly gun violence, substance abuse, and mental health crises, with stigma and limited resources further hindering preparedness efforts. Participants emphasized the need for culturally relevant interventions and stronger community engagement. Full article

Climate change poses a growing threat to the mental health of children and adolescents. This narrative review synthesizes global, interdisciplinary research on the psychological impacts of climate disruption during critical developmental stages, with attention to marginalized populations. We explore three key pathways of harm: direct exposure to environmental disasters, chronic disruption of ecological and social systems, and existential distress such as eco-anxiety. Drawing on eco-social theory and developmental psychopathology, the review highlights how these impacts are shaped by age, geography, identity, and systemic inequities. It identifies both risk and protective factors, emphasizing the importance of caregiving relationships, cultural practices, education, and youth climate engagement. While activism can foster resilience and purpose, it may also incur emotional burdens that require clinical and policy attention. We argue that child and adolescent mental health must be recognized as central to climate justice and adaptation, and we offer urgent recommendations for integrated action across sectors. Full article

This study examines how objective (OSES) and subjective (SSES) socioeconomic status influence adolescent moral reasoning through distinct psychological mechanisms. Analyzing 4122 Chinese adolescents (Mage = 14.38), we found SSES enhanced moral internalization via strengthened social identity, while OSES reduced moral stereotyping through cognitive flexibility. Contrary to expectations, parental emotional warmth failed to buffer against SSES-related declines in internalization, with higher SSES predicting reduced internalization across parenting contexts. Results reveal socioeconomic status operates through dual pathways—social identity processes for SSES and cognitive flexibility for OSES—while challenging assumptions about parenting’s protective role. The findings suggest tailored interventions: identity-building programs for SSES-related moral development and cognitive training for OSES-linked reasoning biases, advancing theoretical understanding of moral development in diverse socioeconomic contexts. Full article

The intersection of autism and motherhood/parenthood remains largely underexplored, particularly within the Spanish context. Autistic mothers and birthing parents are often silenced, with limited representation and scarce accessible information, contributing to a broader social and institutional unawareness. This study explores the postpartum experiences of autistic and non-autistic mothers during the first two years following childbirth. Twelve semi-structured interviews were conducted with six autistic and six non-autistic mothers and analyzed using Reflexive Thematic Analysis. Three key themes were constructed, as follows: (1) Ups and Downs: Navigating Emotional and Sensory Experiences, highlighting the intense sensory and emotional load of early motherhood; (2) Lack of Information and Support: The Root of Increased Vulnerability, addressing gaps in institutional support and knowledge; and (3) The Social Dimensions of Early Postpartum: Tensions and Expectations, focusing on family and societal pressures as well as identity struggles. While experiences overlapped in several areas, two tentative distinctions were observed, as follows: autistic mothers appeared to favor self-guided strategies (e.g., books, personal guidelines), whereas non-autistic mothers relied more on professional guidance; additionally, autistic mothers expressed a stronger preference for autonomy, while non-autistic mothers often valued companionship. These findings underscore the urgent need for healthcare professionals to receive training on autistic motherhood/parenthood and for the development of tailored postpartum care guidelines to ensure inclusive, responsive support. Full article

Background/Objectives: Stroke is a major cause of disability worldwide, with ischemic stroke being the most common type. This study investigated face perception in patients with lacunar strokes, specifically examining the ability to distinguish and recognize familiar and unfamiliar faces. Methods: We tested 52 patients with lacunar stroke (mean age = 65.97 ± 9.96) and 28 age-matched healthy controls (HC) (mean age = 66.24 ± 10.15). The participants received three face perception tasks: Name that Celebrity, Identity Sorting Task, and Face & Object Solitaire, and were also given the MMSE and mRS clinical assessments. Results: For the Name that Celebrity task, the stroke group had a lower efficiency score than the control group (i.e., they needed 2–3 extra slides of cues to recognize famous persons). For the Face Identity Sorting task, both groups were more accurate when sorting familiar faces; however, the stroke group performed significantly worse than the healthy group when sorting unfamiliar faces. For the Face/Object Solitaire task, the control group performed better than the stroke group on the face solitaire, but there were no differences in the object solitaire condition. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that despite having a normal mean MMSE score (HC: 28.22, Stroke: 27.96), patients with lacunar stroke had difficulties recognizing famous faces and discriminating among unfamiliar faces. This may reveal an overlooked deficit in face perception, highlighting the importance of future interventions that specifically focus on face recognition skills to enhance patients’ daily social interactions and the overall effectiveness of post-stroke rehabilitation programs. Full article

The first monographic exhibition dedicated to Vittore Carpaccio (ca. 1460–1525) in the US, and the first outside of Italy, was hosted at the National Gallery of Art in Washington, DC, from 20 Nov 2022 to 23 February 2023 (from where it went to Venice). Building on the research of art historians and experts on Venice and the larger Mediterranean region in the early modern period, this paper examines Carpaccio’s depiction of various “Turks” in some of the large narrative painting cycles (teleri) commissioned by the devotional confraternities (scuole) in Renaissance Venice. While Carpaccio’s and the larger Venetian familiarity with Islam, including Turks, has been studied, this paper compares various female figures in the St. Stephen cycle with those in his St. George cycle, situating them in the larger historical context of the commissioning scuole (Scuola di Santo Stefano and Scuola di San Giorgio degli Schiavoni, respectively). While attempting to uncover the significance, if not the identities, of a few individuals who stand out from the crowd, this paper urges caution when attempting to discern social history from a painting, much as we take literary texts (particularly those written well before our own times) with a grain of salt. Full article

Stigmatized views of emotionality form within familial, cultural, and societal contexts and serve as a mechanism impacting youth mental health and substance misuse with notable ties to health equity. Yet critical questions remain regarding the impact of racial identity on emotionality stigma in urban groups and the moderating relationship between race and emotionality stigma on youth mental health and substance misuse. The current study aimed to investigate emotionality stigma as a mechanism of health inequity by exploring the relationships between racial identity, emotionality stigma, and adolescent mental health and substance misuse. Urban adolescents (n = 85) recruited from a combined mental health and substance use treatment program reported on their stigmatized views of emotionality, mental health, and substance use. Participants primarily identified as multicultural (60.3%) and socioeconomically disadvantaged, with 55.2% requiring transportation assistance and 63.8% being either insured through Medicaid or uninsured. Findings suggest a link between racial identity and emotionality stigma that was associated with attachment (β = −3.43, p < 0.001) as well as substance misuse type (β = 5.36, p < 0.001) and polysubstance use (β = −6.53, p < 0.001) for urban adolescents in combined treatment. This study is the first to provide empirical support for the interconnected role of sociocultural factors and emotionality stigma and calls for systems-level change to address emotionality stigma individually, communally, and socially. Full article

This study examines how the organizational work climate shapes the effectiveness of supervision on employee performance. While traditional management theory assumes supervision universally enhances productivity, we observe a puzzling paradox: facing identical tasks and wage systems, some firms rely heavily on hierarchical supervision while others thrive with minimal oversight. Through a four-month field experiment across two Chinese agricultural enterprises (5851 observations), we test whether the supervision’s effectiveness depends on the alignment between leadership practices and organizational climate. In formal management firms (FMFs) characterized by hierarchical governance and arm’s-length employment relationships, directive supervision significantly reduces task completion times by 0.126 standard deviations, equivalent to approximately 4.3 s or 2.8% of the average completion time, with this effect remaining stable throughout the workday. Conversely, in network-embedded firms (NEFs) operating through trust-based relational contracts and social norms, identical supervisory practices yield no performance gains, as informal social control mechanisms already ensure high effort levels, rendering formal supervision redundant. These findings challenge the “best practices” paradigm in strategic HRM, demonstrating that HR success requires a careful alignment between leadership approaches and the organizational climate—an effective HR strategy is not about implementing standardized practices but about achieving a strategic fit between supervisory leadership styles and existing work climates. This climate–leadership partnership is essential for optimizing both employee performance and organizational success. Full article

This study investigates the effectiveness of integrating explicit learning-strategy instruction into gatekeeper mathematics courses to foster a math growth mindset, self-regulated learning (SRL), and improved academic performance among underrepresented minority students. The intervention was implemented across four key courses—College Algebra I/II and Calculus I/II—and incorporated evidence-based cognitive, metacognitive, and behavioral learning strategies through course materials, class discussions, and reflective assignments. Grounded in a conceptual framework linking learning-strategy instruction, growth mindset, SRL, and performance—while accounting for students’ social identities—the study explores both direct and indirect effects of the intervention. Using an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design, we first collected quantitative data via pre- and post-surveys/tests and analyzed performance outcomes, followed by qualitative focus groups to contextualize the findings. Results showed no significant effects of the intervention on growth mindset or SRL, nor evidence of mediation through these constructs. The direct effect of the intervention on performance was negative, though baseline mindset, SRL, and pre-course preparedness strongly predicted outcomes. No moderation effects were detected by student identities. The findings suggest that while explicit learning-strategy instruction may not independently shift mindset or SRL in the short term, pre-existing differences in these areas are consequential for performance. Qualitative findings provided further context for understanding how students engaged with the strategies and how instructor implementation shaped outcomes. These insights inform how learning strategies might be more effectively embedded in introductory math to support success and equity in STEM pathways, particularly in post-COVID educational contexts. Full article

Personal identity is a multidimensional, universal, and ever-developing construct that forms primarily during youth. One domain of identity—gender—manifests quite clearly in terms of developmental course and psychosocial components in the lives of transgender individuals. Members of this population often initiate various social and medical transitions to rework their gendered characteristics to align more authentically with their internal selves. Consequently, healthcare and social service professionals express growing interest in facilitating and fostering the psychological health of transgender youth. Rather than focus on adversity (e.g., depression, suicidality, mental illness), the current study addresses this concern by describing positive components of the gender identity of 120 transmasculine youth participants. To this end, we operationalized gender identity health through three overarching constructs: developmental process, psychological functioning, and the positive outcomes of being a transgender person. Further, we investigate how these components interrelate, plus compare responses by age and gender identity cohorts. For age, we compared adolescent responses to the identity measures to those of transgender emerging adults (n = 166; 20–29 years) and adults (n = 53; 30–39 years). For gender, we partitioned the adolescent participants into binary (n = 91) versus non-binary (n = 29) identities. The descriptive results demonstrated that identity is reasonably developed, functional, and positive in this adolescent sample. Moreover, the three hypothetical components of transgender identity demonstrated modest overlap with each other. The youth did not differ in identity development, functionality, or positivity compared to older cohorts. Binary transmen scored slightly higher on gender authenticity and commitment than their non-binary transmasculine counterparts, but the two gender groups were the same on the other identity components. We discuss some practical implications of these findings as focus areas for healthcare providers and support systems to continue to foster healthy identity development. Full article

Background/Objectives: Gender (roles as household load and job strain, and identity) represent an effect modifier of the interference between pain experience and sex because it is different between men and women. This study validates a new scale developed to assess how life functioning is impacted by Chronic Non-Cancer Pain (CNCP) due to gender. Methods: A total of 193 Spanish ambulatory CNCP patients (60 [51–73] years old, 69.4% women, 31% retired) were interviewed. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) yielded 3-factor structure: Gender Self-identity, Roles, and Chronic Pain Impact on Social, Familial, Work and Sexual Life. Results: The Gender-Pain Questionnaire, with the presented factor structure, is an evaluation instrument with enough reliability and internal validity for CNCP patients. Conclusions: This study presents the psychometric properties of a scale for assessing the interference of CNCP patients’ experience on gender and how it affects their daily life activities, relationships and self-identity. It represents the first original questionnaire known in Spanish language to date. This measure could potentially help researchers and clinicians to obtain gender key information to design appropriate and equity healthcare interventions. Full article

Social isolation is a critical but understudied concern for people living with HIV (PLHIV), particularly in rural U.S. communities where social visibility is high and access to supportive services is limited. Disclosure of HIV status is often framed as a health-promoting behavior that facilitates engagement with care and access to social support, yet it can also increase vulnerability to exclusion and isolation, especially where confidentiality is difficult to maintain. Using data from a pilot survey of rural PLHIV in the United States ($n=17$), this study examines when disclosure may function adaptively and when it may coincide with a heightened social burden. A Social Isolation Index was constructed from 15 indicators of exclusion across family, community, and institutional domains. Disclosure was measured both by the number of people informed and whether sexual partners were told. Typological methods and Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) were applied to explore how disclosure patterns relate to race, sexual identity, and reported isolation. The results indicate that disclosure is not uniformly protective: several participants who disclosed widely also reported high levels of isolation, with heterosexual and Black participants often reporting a higher cumulative burden. These findings challenge one-size-fits-all assumptions about disclosure in public health messaging and underscore the need for tailored strategies that recognize both disclosure and nondisclosure as potentially adaptive responses in rural and marginalized communities. Full article

Background: Adolescence is a critical developmental period when Psychosocial and mental health risks such as depression, social withdrawal, low self-esteem, and aggression may shape lifelong mental health outcomes. In Republic of Korea, multicultural adolescents face additional vulnerabilities due to cultural identity struggles, discrimination, and family stressors. Objective: This study examined the determinants of Psychosocial and mental health risks among multicultural adolescents using data from the 2023 Multicultural Adolescents Panel Study (MAPS). Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted with adolescents from multicultural families. Outcomes included social withdrawal, depression, self-esteem, and aggression, measured by four-point Likert scales. Covariates comprised sociodemographic factors such as sex, age, parental nationality, parental education, parental occupation, and household income. Partial correlations, F-tests, and multiple linear regression were used to identify significant predictors. Results: Female adolescents reported significantly lower self-esteem (p = 0.003). Region was associated with both self-esteem (p = 0.037) and aggression (p = 0.047), with adolescents living in metropolitan areas reporting lower self-esteem and higher aggression compared to those in capital areas. Non-Korean father nationality increased the likelihood of aggression (p = 0.036), while higher paternal education reduced aggression risk (p = 0.048). Overweight and obesity were linked to greater aggression (p = 0.007, p = 0.050, respectively). Conclusions: The findings highlight the interrelated nature of Psychosocial and mental health risks among multicultural adolescents and underscore the influence of gender, family background, and body image. Addressing these factors within culturally sensitive school and community interventions is essential to support positive Psychosocial and mental health risk outcomes. Full article

Social media provides a vital arena for rare disease (RD) communities, fostering support, advocacy, and knowledge sharing. Rare Disease Day generates a large-scale online conversation, yet previous research has relied mainly on static, cross-sectional snapshots. This study captures the longitudinal evolution of the Spanish-language Twitter debate around Rare Disease Day across a fixed yearly window (1 February to 15 March) from 2008 to 2023. After filtering for Spanish-language posts, a corpus of 308,823 tweets (72,740 originals) was analyzed. We combined hashtag frequency analysis to assess topic salience with social network analysis (SNA) of co-occurrence networks to identify central thematic clusters. Results show progression from early generic expressions to increasingly deliberate, action-oriented communication, reflecting a shift towards empowered activism. A headline finding is the structural centrality and persistence of the hashtag #investigación (#research), underscoring the community’s enduring call for scientific progress. SNA further revealed the difference between transient virality—often linked to political or celebrity-driven hashtags—and the stable, identity-related topics at the core of the debate. Longitudinal hashtag analysis, particularly using SNA, provides a powerful tool to identify stable priorities of online health communities beyond transient media noise. Full article