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Keywords = Suchey–Brooks method

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15 pages, 1819 KB  
Article
A Pilot Study of Age Estimation and Cause of Death: Insights into Skeletal Aging
by Nicollette S. Appel and Heather J. H. Edgar
Forensic Sci. 2024, 4(4), 508-522; https://doi.org/10.3390/forensicsci4040034 - 8 Oct 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 4327
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Forensic anthropological age estimations are often limited by a lack of diversity in reference samples, imprecision, and, for certain populations, inaccuracy. This study aims to explore the relationship between health, as indicated by cause of death, and skeletal age estimation, with the [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Forensic anthropological age estimations are often limited by a lack of diversity in reference samples, imprecision, and, for certain populations, inaccuracy. This study aims to explore the relationship between health, as indicated by cause of death, and skeletal age estimation, with the goal of determining whether including health information can improve accuracy and precision in age estimation. Methods: Skeletal age data were collected from the Maxwell Museum Documented Skeletal Collection using the Lovejoy et al. method for the auricular surface and the Suchey-Brooks method for the pubic symphysis. All individuals had a known cause of death, which was categorized into two broad groups: disease-related and trauma-related. Cause of death category served as a proxy for health status. Results: Individuals who died from disease-related causes often fell within the upper end of the age ranges for both the auricular surface and pubic symphysis methods. In contrast, those who died from trauma-related causes tended to fall within the lower end of these age ranges. Conclusions: These results indicate that incorporating factors such as health into existing forensic age estimation methods could enhance the precision of age estimates, particularly by addressing the influence of environmental and lifestyle factors on skeletal aging. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Genetics and the Environment on Human Variation)
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16 pages, 3706 KB  
Article
The Effect of Cancer and Cancer Treatment on Pubic Symphysis Age Estimation Using Computed Tomography Scans
by Maya N. Alibrio and Sean D. Tallman
Diagnostics 2024, 14(14), 1500; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14141500 - 12 Jul 2024
Viewed by 2621
Abstract
It is currently unknown whether cancer and cancer treatment affect age-related skeletal changes used in the biological profile for skeletonized remains. This research examines the effects of cancer on skeletal age estimation using computed tomography (CT) scans of the pubic symphyses for 307 [...] Read more.
It is currently unknown whether cancer and cancer treatment affect age-related skeletal changes used in the biological profile for skeletonized remains. This research examines the effects of cancer on skeletal age estimation using computed tomography (CT) scans of the pubic symphyses for 307 individuals from the New Mexico Descendent Image Database. The Suchey–Brooks method was applied to 125 individuals without documented cancer and 182 individuals with documented cancer. Individuals were correctly aged if their chronological age fell within the original study’s 95% prediction range. Though not statistically significant, the results show that females with cancer were aged correctly 74.7% of the time, and females without cancer were aged correctly 85.1% of the time; males with cancer were aged correctly 46.0% of the time, and males without cancer were aged correctly 55.7% of the time. Additionally, a total of 30 individuals were reanalyzed to examine intraobserver error, and a Cohen’s kappa value of k = 0.600 indicated a moderate level of agreement. While no statistical differences were found between cancer and control groups, CT scans may lack the resolution needed to visualize the nuanced effects of bone mineral density loss, if present, and the overall quality of bone, despite their proven utility in dry-bone skeletal analyses. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Perspectives in Forensic Diagnosis)
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