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Search Results (3)

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Keywords = asymmetric river confluence zone

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21 pages, 5997 KB  
Article
Analysis of the Impacts of Geometric Factors on Hydraulic Characteristics and Pollutant Transport at Asymmetric River Confluences
by Xu Wang, Na Xu, Jiening Yang, Fan Wang, Peixuan Li, Xiangkun Yang and Xiaojun Shen
Water 2025, 17(6), 836; https://doi.org/10.3390/w17060836 - 14 Mar 2025
Viewed by 555
Abstract
Asymmetrical river confluence zones play a critical role in water quality protection and remediation. This study develops a three-dimensional numerical model to simulate the hydraulic characteristics and contaminant dispersion processes within river channels. The results indicate that variations in the two geometric factors—the [...] Read more.
Asymmetrical river confluence zones play a critical role in water quality protection and remediation. This study develops a three-dimensional numerical model to simulate the hydraulic characteristics and contaminant dispersion processes within river channels. The results indicate that variations in the two geometric factors—the confluence angle and elevation difference—can produce a range of effects. Under the combined influence of these factors, the trajectory line at the pollutant-mixing interface follows a “logarithmic” growth pattern. As indicated by the inhomogeneity index, an increase in the junction angle and elevation difference significantly accelerates the mixing rate of pollutants and enhances dispersion. These insights suggest that, in cases with large confluence angles and significant elevation variations, intense mixing of water flow facilitates the rapid transport and extensive dispersion of pollutants, which may help reduce localized pollution loads. These findings are crucial for developing effective water environment management strategies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Hydraulic and Water Resources Research (3rd Edition))
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19 pages, 4512 KB  
Article
Numerical Modeling of the Dispersion Characteristics of Pollutants in the Confluence Area of an Asymmetrical River
by Xu Wang, Jiening Yang, Fan Wang, Na Xu, Peixuan Li and Ai Wang
Water 2023, 15(21), 3766; https://doi.org/10.3390/w15213766 - 27 Oct 2023
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3040
Abstract
It is challenging to investigate the transport and dispersion of contaminants in river confluence areas due to the complex flow dynamics. In recent studies on the flow dynamics in river confluence areas, it has been revealed that changes in inflow conditions (discharge ratio, [...] Read more.
It is challenging to investigate the transport and dispersion of contaminants in river confluence areas due to the complex flow dynamics. In recent studies on the flow dynamics in river confluence areas, it has been revealed that changes in inflow conditions (discharge ratio, width-depth ratio and concentration difference) can greatly influence pollutant diffusion. In this study, an asymmetric confluence-type river is modeled by a three-dimensional hydrodynamic water quality model, and three hydrodynamic scenarios are numerically simulated. The results show that a higher discharge ratio and width-depth ratio led to an increase in the lateral diffusion area of pollutants, deviation in the trajectory line of the mixing interface towards the opposite bank of the interchange, and an increase in the mixing rate of pollutants. For R = 0.267 and b/h = 3.75, the pollutants at the bottom are completely mixed in the exit end section. However, the difference in the pollutant concentration slightly affects the area, length and shape of the pollutant dispersion zone and notably affects only the concentration in each section. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Reservoir Operation and Water–Energy Nexus System Management)
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16 pages, 3344 KB  
Article
Flow Dynamics and Contaminant Transport in Y-Shaped River Channel Confluences
by Xiaodong Liu, Lingqi Li, Zulin Hua, Qile Tu, Ting Yang and Yuan Zhang
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16(4), 572; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16040572 - 16 Feb 2019
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 4325
Abstract
River channel confluences are widespread in natural rivers. Understanding their unique hydrodynamic characteristics and contaminant transport rules may facilitate the rational and effective treatment of the water environment. In this study, we considered the Xitiaoxi River Basin as the research area, and a [...] Read more.
River channel confluences are widespread in natural rivers. Understanding their unique hydrodynamic characteristics and contaminant transport rules may facilitate the rational and effective treatment of the water environment. In this study, we considered the Xitiaoxi River Basin as the research area, and a well-designed flume was established based on the extracted water system features. Hydrodynamically, in the Y-shaped confluence channel the flow velocity was easy to separate at the confluence, and a low flow velocity region appeared in the two branches. The spiral flow mainly flowed counterclockwise to the downstream region and the spiral trend increased as the discharge ratio decreased. The spiral flow and its effect on the transport and blending of contaminants were distinct between Y-shaped and asymmetrical river confluences. Based on the flow dynamics test, a set of pollutant discharge devices and a multi-point electrolytic conductivity meter were employed to research the mixing rule for pollutants. A high concentration zone for pollutants was likely to occur near the intersection, and the contaminant concentration band after the confluence was first compressed and then diffused. In particular, line source discharge in the left branch and the point source discharge in the inner bank of the left branch and in the outer bank of the right branch were dominant, and were conducive to the detection and treatment of pollutants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Water Resources Systems Quality and Quantity Management)
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