The differential global navigation satellite system (DGNSS) is an enhancement system that is widely used to improve the accuracy of single-frequency receivers. However, distance-dependent errors are not considered in conventional DGNSS, and DGNSS acc...
Modern cosmology continues to struggle with unresolved questions concerning the origins of dark matter and dark energy. To explore these challenges, this study presents the Source Energy Field Theory (SEFT)—a new theoretical framework that offe...
The accuracy requirements for sensor network positioning have grown over the last few years due to the high precision demanded in activities related with vehicles and robots. Such systems involve a wide range of specifications which must be met throu...
Tropospheric correction is a crucial step for interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) monitoring of small deformation magnitude. However, most of the corrections are implemented without a rigorous evaluation of their influences on InSAR meas...
The rapid accumulation of space debris poses a serious threat to operational spacecraft, with the capture and removal of rapidly tumbling non-cooperative targets being a primary challenge. Non-contact electromagnetic de-tumbling technology is a promi...
Visible light communication (VLC) is one of the key technologies for the sixth generation (6G) to support the connection and throughput of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). Furthermore, VLC channel modeling is the foundation for designing eff...
(1) Background: Mongolian oak secondary forest is widely distributed in the northeast of China, and most of these forests are formed after the overcutting of broad-leaved Pinus koraiensis mixed forest. Most of the forest productivity is low and the e...
Determination of indoor position based on fine time measurement (FTM) of the round trip time (RTT) of a signal between an initiator (smartphone) and a responder (Wi-Fi access point) enables a number of applications. However, the accuracy currently at...
Researchers have explored multiple Wi-Fi features to estimate user locations in indoor environments in the past decade, such as Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI), Channel State Information (CSI), Time of Arrival (TOA), and Angle of Arrive (A...
The modelling of temperature measurements using optical fiber pyrometers for different hot object sizes with new generalized integration limits is presented. The closed equations for the calculus of the radiated power that is coupled to the optical f...
The USBL (Ultra-Short Base Line) positioning system is widely used in underwater acoustic positioning systems due to its small size and ease of use. The traditional USBL positioning system is based on ‘slant range and azimuth’. The positi...
Critical distance concerns precise digital levelling, which has inaccurate results at a certain sighting distance. The influence of critical distance on a measured height difference has been confirmed by calibrating certain digital levels and their a...
Concerns over environmental issues have recently increased. Particularly, construction noise in highly populated areas is recognized as a serious stressor that not only negatively affects humans and their environment, but also construction firms thro...
The rapid advancement of mobile laser scanner technology used for terrain mapping, among other things, imposes increasing requirements for scanning frequency and distance measurement accuracy. To meet these requirements, rangefinder modules are expec...
This paper created a flight trajectory model of five uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs) in the geocentric coordinate system, provided the UAVs fly in the specified formation. Based on this model, equations for determining the position of a selected memb...
An ultra-wideband (UWB) localization system is an alternative in a GPS-denied environment. However, a distance measurement with UWB modules using a two-way communication protocol induces an orientation-dependent error. Previous research studied this...
The Linearized Auto-Localization (LAL) algorithm estimates the position of beacon nodes in Local Positioning Systems (LPSs), using only the distance measurements to a mobile node whose position is also unknown. The LAL algorithm calculates the inter-...
Accurate localization technology is essential for providing location-based services. Global positioning system (GPS) is a typical localization technology that has been used in various fields. However, various indoor localization techniques are requir...
The single-site lightning detection system can provide timely and effective information on lightning activity in areas where a multi-site lightning network cannot be built. Using deep learning, the single-site lightning detection achieves better perf...
In the context of energy industry decentralization, electrical networks encounter deviations of power quality indices (PQI), including violations of the sinusoidality of current and voltage signals, which increase errors in the joint digital processi...
The accurate transformation of multi-camera 2D coordinates into 3D coordinates is critical for applications like animation, gaming, and medical rehabilitation. This study unveils an enhanced multi-camera calibration method that alleviates the shortco...
This study strengthens the external distance variation for the indoor positioning performance. With the received signal strength (RSS) of the unknown node, a localization is performed to positioning its coordinates. The mean square error (MSE) of loc...
Localization using ultra-wide band (UWB) signals gives accurate position results for indoor localization. The penetrating characteristics of UWB pulses reduce the multipath effects and identify the user position with precise accuracy. In UWB-based lo...
Regression, a supervised machine learning approach, establishes relationships between independent variables and a continuous dependent variable. It is widely applied in areas like price prediction and time series forecasting. The performance of regre...
Localization has become an important aspect in a wide range of mobile services with the integration of the Internet of things and service on demand. Numerous mechanisms have been proposed for localization, most of which are based on the estimation of...
Various models using radiometric approach have been proposed to solve the problem of estimating the distance between a camera and an infrared emitter diode (IRED). They depend directly on the radiant intensity of the emitter, set by the IRED bias cur...
Estimating the fundamental matrix (FM) using the known corresponding points is a key step for three-dimensional (3D) scene reconstruction, and its uncertainty directly affects camera calibration and point-cloud calculation. The symmetric epipolar dis...
Terrestrial laser scanners (TLS) are portable dimensional measurement instruments used to obtain 3D point clouds of objects in a scene. While TLSs do not require the use of cooperative targets, they are sometimes placed in a scene to fuse or compare...
The dependence of body stability on the distance between the optical centers of VR-device lenses and the refractive error status of users during VR viewing was investigated. Participants included 31 adults, and their postural-control ability was meas...
In numerous applications, including current body temperature monitoring in viral pandemic management, thermal imaging cameras are used for quantitative measurements. These require determination of the measurement accuracy (error) and its traceability...
Validating or accessing the accuracy of soft classification maps has rapidly developed over the past few years. This assessment employs a soft error matrix as generalized from the traditional, hard classification error matrix. However, the impact of...
Thanks to light detection and ranging (LiDAR), unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) are able to detect different objects in their environment and measure the distance between them. This device gives the ability to see its surroundings in real time. Howeve...
The possibilities of an effective method of two adjacent signals are investigated for the evaluation of Lamb waves phase velocity dispersion in objects of different types, namely polyvinyl chloride (PVC) film and wind turbine blade (WTB). A new algor...
The purpose of this paper is to quickly and stably achieve grasping objects with a 3D robot arm controlled by electrooculography (EOG) signals. A EOG signal is a biological signal generated when the eyeballs move, leading to gaze estimation. In conve...
This paper presents a monocular vision sensor-based obstacle detection algorithm for autonomous robots. Each individual image pixel at the bottom region of interest is labeled as belonging either to an obstacle or the floor. While conventional method...
Using the generalized stationary renewal distribution (also called the equilibrium transform) for arbitrary distributions with a finite non-zero first moment, we prove moment-type error-bounds in the Kantorovich distance for the exponential approxima...
So far, no studies of material deformations (e.g., bending of sports equipment) have been performed to measure the curvature (w″) using an optoelectronic measurement system OMS. To test the accuracy of the w″ measurement with an OMS (Qual...
In soccer, accurate kicking skills are important determinants of successful performance. A successful kick must meet several criteria, including speed, accuracy, and timing. In fact, players who are able to kick the ball more accurately under various...
Measuring the distance between two points has multiple uses. Position can be geometrically calculated from multiple measurements of the distance between reference points and moving sensors. Distance measurement can be done by measuring the time of fl...
Canopy characterization has become important when trying to optimize any kind of agricultural operation in high-growing crops, such as olive. Many sensors and techniques have reported satisfactory results in these approaches and in this work a 2D las...
As a core component of agricultural machinery autonomous navigation, path tracking control holds significant research value. The pure pursuit algorithm has become a prevalent method for agricultural vehicle navigation due to its effectiveness at low...
Real-time and accurate monitoring of dynamic deflection is of great significance for health monitoring and condition assessment of bridge structures. This paper proposes an improved step-type liquid level sensing system (LLSS) for dynamic deflection...
Accurate stride-length estimation is a fundamental component in numerous applications, such as pedestrian dead reckoning, gait analysis, and human activity recognition. The existing stride-length estimation algorithms work relatively well in cases of...
In the Federal Aviation Administration’s (FAA) performance based navigation strategy announced in 2016, the FAA stated that it would retain and expand the Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) infrastructure to ensure resilient aircraft navigation capab...
The problem of leader-follower formation of a platoon of differential-drive wheeled mobile robots without using attitude measurements is addressed in this paper. Contrary to the position-distance approaches existing in the literature, the formation a...
Objective: Calibrated horizontal measurements (e.g., mm) from endoscopic procedures could be utilized for advancement of evidence-based practice and personalized medicine. However, the size of an object in endoscopic images is not readily calibrated...
Expectiles have gained considerable attention in recent years due to wide applications in many areas. In this study, the k-nearest neighbours approach, together with the asymmetric least squares loss function, called ex-
Since wireless systems allow for easier access to communication paths than wired systems, it is necessary to improve their dependability against cyberterrorists. To make wireless systems more dependable, additional measures at the lower layer are req...
When surveying a large target area with a real-time kinematic unmanned aerial vehicle (RTK-UAV), the RTK signal tends to be disconnected when city canyons or macrocells are included. Thus, the accuracy is reduced due to the lack of RTK signal or the...
This paper presents an approach to the construction of block error-correcting code for data transmission systems with short packets. The need for this is driven by the necessity of information interaction between objects of machine-type communication...
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