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Keywords = dual QCM-SERS sensor

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24 pages, 3191 KiB  
Article
Combining QCM and SERS on a Nanophotonic Chip: A Dual-Functional Sensor for Biomolecular Interaction Analysis and Protein Fingerprinting
by Cosimo Bartolini, Martina Tozzetti, Cristina Gellini, Marilena Ricci, Stefano Menichetti, Piero Procacci and Gabriella Caminati
Nanomaterials 2025, 15(16), 1230; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15161230 - 12 Aug 2025
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Abstract
We present a dual biosensing strategy integrating Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) and Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) for the quantitative and molecular-specific detection of FKBP12. Silver nanodendritic arrays were electrodeposited onto QCM sensors, optimized for SERS enhancement using Rhodamine 6G, and functionalized with a [...] Read more.
We present a dual biosensing strategy integrating Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) and Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) for the quantitative and molecular-specific detection of FKBP12. Silver nanodendritic arrays were electrodeposited onto QCM sensors, optimized for SERS enhancement using Rhodamine 6G, and functionalized with a custom-designed receptor to selectively capture FKBP12. QCM measurements revealed a two-step Langmuir adsorption behavior, enabling sensitive mass quantification with a low limit of detection. Concurrently, in situ SERS analysis on the same sensor provided vibrational fingerprints of FKBP12, resolved through comparative studies of the free protein, surface-bound receptor, and surface-bound receptor–protein complex. Ethanol-induced denaturation confirmed protein-specific peaks, while shifts in receptor vibrational modes—linked to FKBP12 binding—demonstrated dynamic molecular interactions. A ratiometric parameter, derived from key peak intensities, served as a robust, concentration-dependent signature of complex formation. This platform bridges quantitative (QCM) and structural (SERS) biosensing, offering real-time mass tracking and conformational insights. The nanodendritic substrate’s dual functionality, combined with the receptor’s selectivity, advances label-free protein detection for applications in drug diagnostics, with potential adaptability to other target analytes. Full article
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