Microbial biofilms are communities of aggregated microbial cells embedded in a self-produced matrix of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). Biofilms are recalcitrant to extreme environments, and can protect microorganisms from ultraviolet (UV) r...
A major issue in microbial ecology is to identify the limits of life for growth and survival, and to understand the molecular mechanisms that define these limits. Thus, interest in the biodiversity and ecology of extreme environments has grown in rec...
Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) represent a diverse collection of motile prokaryotes that biomineralize intracellular, membrane-bounded, tens-of-nanometer-sized crystals of a magnetic mineral called magnetosomes. Magnetosome minerals consist of either m...
Sensors operating in extreme environments are currently a focal point of global research. Extreme environmental conditions, such as overload, vibration, corrosion, high pressure, high temperature, and radiation, can affect the performance of sensors...
Although volcanoes represent extreme environments for life, they harbour bacterial communities. Vulcano Island (Aeolian Islands, Sicily) presents an intense fumarolic activity and widespread soil degassing, fed by variable amounts of magmatic gases (...
The northern region of Chile boasts unique geographical features that support the emergence of geothermal effluents, salt lagoons, and coastal creeks. These extreme climate conditions create polyextreme habitats for microorganisms, particularly adapt...
Extreme environments such as low pressure, high temperature, and intense radiation pose severe challenges for humidity sensors, causing conventional hygroscopic materials to exhibit sluggish responses, drift, and instability. In response, recent rese...
Bacteria have long been known to possess resistance to the highly toxic oxyanion tellurite, most commonly though reduction to elemental tellurium. However, the majority of research has focused on the impact of this compound on microbes, namely E. col...
The gut microbiome regulates multiple physiological processes of the host and plays a significant role in the adaptation of wild animal hosts to extreme environments. The saxaul sparrow (Passer ammodendri) is a typical bird species found in the north...
Tribological processes in extreme environments pose serious material challenges, requiring coatings that resist both wear and corrosion. This review summarizes recent advances in protective coatings engineered for extreme environments such as high te...
The isolation of soil bacteria from extreme environments represents a major challenge, but also an opportunity to characterize the metabolic potential of soil bacteria that could promote the growth of plants inhabiting these harsh conditions. The aim...
The three main requirements for life as we know it are the presence of organic compounds, liquid water, and free energy. Several groups of organic compounds (e.g., amino acids, nucleobases, lipids) occur in all life forms on Earth and are used as dia...
A special issue (SI) titled “Microbial Diversity in Extreme Environments: Implications for Ecological and Applicative Perspectives” has been launched with the aim of showcasing the diversity and biotechnological potential of extremophilic...
The general hypothesis that the overall presence or absence of one or more species in an extreme habitat is determined by physico-chemical factors was investigated using epikarst copepod communities as a model system, an example of an extreme environ...
The critical need for accurate and non-invasive temperature monitoring is prevalent in extreme environments, such as scuba diving. Current temperature measurement technologies present limitations, prompting the development of innovative solutions. We...
Extreme high-temperature environments pose challenges for human thermal comfort and safety. This study introduces a compact portable liquid cooling garment weighing 3.6 kg in total with an integrated 1.99 kg vapor compression refrigeration unit (172...
The high-throughput chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) technique is widely used to study the functional roles of the three-dimensional (3D) architecture of genomes. However, the knowledge of the 3D genome structure and its dynamics during extreme...
The deep sea has been proven to be a great treasure for structurally unique and biologically active natural products in the last two decades. Cold seeps and hydrothermal vents, as typical representatives of deep-sea extreme environments, have attract...
A little explored area of human activity recognition (HAR) is in people operating in relation to extreme environments, e.g., mountaineers. In these contexts, the ability to accurately identify activities, alongside other data streams, has the potenti...
Existence of life in extreme environments has been known for a long time, and their habitants have been investigated by different scientific disciplines for decades. However, reports of multidisciplinary research are uncommon. In this paper, we repor...
17 January 2023
Physical activity can prevent many organic and mental pathologies. For people living in extreme southern high-latitude environments, weather conditions can affect these activities, altering their psychological well-being and favoring the prevalence o...
With the growing demand for wind turbines in deep offshore regions, frequent typhoon disasters at sea have impeded the continued development of the wind power industry. To address the problem of typhoons destroying offshore wind power facilities, thi...
Tenrecs are heterothermic burrowing mammals, which are capable of withstanding extreme environmental stressors, including during hibernation. Their phylogenetic position as reminiscent of an ancestral placental mammal makes tenrecs a unique model for...
Marine organisms inhabiting extreme habitats are a promising reservoir of bioactive compounds for drug discovery. Extreme environments, i.e., polar and hot regions, deep sea, hydrothermal vents, marine areas of high pressure or high salinity, experie...
Microbial communication, particularly that of quorum sensing, plays an important role in regulating gene expression in a range of organisms. Although this phenomenon has been well studied in relation to, for example, virulence gene regulation, the fo...
Over the last decades, the study of extremophiles has providing ground breaking discoveries that challenge the paradigms of modern biology and make us rethink intriguing questions such as "what is life?", "what are the limits of life?", and "what...
The deterioration of the global climate and accelerated urbanization have led to intense pressure on surface space resources. As a strategic development field, deep underground space has become a crucial direction for alleviating human habitation pre...
2 December 2021
Psychological resilience is the ability to use personal qualities to withstand pressure, consisting of the interaction between the individual and the environment over time. It is essential when operating in extreme environments which are typically ch...
In the past, the main research and use of scintillators in extreme environments were mainly limited to high energy physics and the well-logging industry, but their applications are now expanding to reactor monitoring systems, marine and space explora...
Viruses are nonliving biological entities whose host range encompasses all known forms of life. They are deceptively simple in description (a protein shell surrounding genetic material with an occasional lipid envelope) and yet can infect all known f...
Yeasts are microscopic fungi inhabiting all Earth environments, including those inhospitable for most life forms, considered extreme environments. According to their habitats, yeasts could be extremotolerant or extremophiles. Some are polyextremophil...
This study investigated the fatty acids (FA) profile of 54 actinomycete strains isolated from marine sediments collected off the Portugal continental coast, specifically from the Estremadura Spur pockmarks field, by GC/MS. Fatty acid methyl esters (F...
Extreme marine environments are peculiar ecosystems characterized by extremely variable and hostile physicochemical parameters [...]
It is with great enthusiasm that we embark on a retrospective journey to the landmark work “Extremophiles and Extreme Environments” (1 in Appendix A), published 10 years ago as part of its Special Issue (2 in Appendix A) [...]
This paper presents a design for temperature and pressure wireless sensors made of polymer-derived ceramics for extreme environment applications. The wireless sensors were designed and fabricated with conductive carbon paste on an 18.24 mm diameter w...
Coastal flooding from extreme sea levels will increase in frequency and magnitude as global climate change forces sea-level rise (SLR). Extreme sea-level events, rare in the recent past (i.e., once per century), are projected to occur at least once p...
Electrical and magnetic sensors can be lithographically fabricated on top of diamond substrates and encapsulated in a protective layer of chemical vapor deposited single crystalline diamond. This process when carried out on single crystal diamond anv...
In order to study the performance variation characteristics of silicone rubber and fluorinated silicone rubber at extremely cold temperatures, two type samples were frozen for 0, 150, 300, 450, 600, 750, 900 and 1050 h in a low-temperature test chamb...
Extreme environments are characterized by peculiar conditions, such as hypoxia/anoxia, freezing/heat temperatures, and desiccation. With climate change, more and more habitats are facing extreme conditions and living communities are finding ways to a...
This study’s primary objective is to investigate the impact of stressful living environments and extreme weather conditions on youth’s education. For the fulfillment of this objective, the unique and latest methodology, such as second-gen...
Cyanotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by cyanobacteria, of varied chemical nature and toxic effects. Although cyanobacteria thrive in all kinds of ecosystems on Earth even under very harsh conditions, current knowledge on cyanotoxin distribu...
27 February 2022
(1) Background: Uncertainty in extreme sports performance environments, such as climbing, provides considerable psycho-emotional and physiological demands, notably due to the many different environments in which climbing can be performed. This variet...
The market share of blade batteries is rising rapidly due to their high energy density, efficient space utilization, and low cost. Nevertheless, effective cooling solutions for blade batteries are crucial to ensure the safe operation of electric vehi...
29 November 2022
Introduction: Nature immersion is defined as multidimensional connecting with earthy materials to generate personal emergence. Personal emergence is an embodied healing force observable via synchronization of bodily rhythms. Research has revealed pos...
Extreme random events will interfere with the inversion analysis of energy and environment systems (EES) and make the planning schemes unreliable. A Copula-based interval cost–benefit stochastic programming (CICS) is proposed to deal with extre...
Haloarchaea are halophilic microorganisms belonging to the archaea domain that inhabit salty environments (mainly soils and water) all over the world. Most of the genera included in this group can produce carotenoids at significant concentrations (ev...
Fast urbanization and industrialization have progressively caused severe impacts on mountainous, river, and coastal environments, and have increased the risks for people living in these areas. Human activities have changed ecosystems hence it is impo...
Extreme environments are a largely unexplored reservoir of microbial diversity, with a remarkable potential to be exploited in agriculture. One hundred and seventeen yeast isolates, derived from different ecosystems in Italy, Sweden, Algeria, and Fra...
Extreme microorganisms (extremophile) are organisms that inhabit environments characterized by inhospitable parameters for most live beings (extreme temperatures and pH values, high or low ionic strength, pressure, or scarcity of nutrients). To grow...
With the launch of the Artemis program and the International Lunar Research Station project, the construction of lunar bases has emerged as a global research focus. In situ manufacturing technologies for robust lunar regolith-based building materials...
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